目 录 上一节 
我们访问中国才五天,所看到的名胜古迹却使我们一生难忘。这当中有从太空都能看到的巍峨壮观的万里长城;还有古城西安、秦始皇墓和出土兵马俑大军。 These are the wonders of ages past. But today I want to talk to you --- the young people of a great university--- about the future, about our future together, and how we can transform human life on this planet if we bring as much wisdom and curiosity to each other as we bring to our scholarly pursuits. 这些都是历史上的奇迹。但是,我今天想和你们这所著名学府的年轻人谈谈未来,谈谈我们共同的未来,谈谈我们怎样才能发挥治学的才智和探索精神来了解彼此的情况,改变人类的生活。 I'd like to say a few words about our China-U.S. educational exchange programs. It is not entirely new, this exchanging of students --- your President Xie earned a degree from Smith College in the United States. Smith is also my wife Nancy's alma mater. And President Xie also attended M.I.T., one of our greatest universities of science, engineering, and technology. 我想略微谈谈中美之间的教育交流计划。两国交换留学生,实际上并不是什么新事物,你们的谢校长曾在美国史密斯学院获得学位。史密斯学院也是我的夫人南希的母校。谢校长还在麻省理工学院学习过,这是美国最大的一所理工学院。 But in the past few years, our two countries have enjoyed an explosion in the number of student exchanges. Five years ago you numbered your students studying abroad in the hundreds. Since then, 20,000 Chinese scholars have studied throughtout the world --- and more than half of them have come to American schools. More than one hundred American colleges and universities now have educational exchanges with nearly as many Chinese institutions. 然而最近几年以来,两国交换的留学生人数急剧增加。五年前,中国去国外的留学生还只不过几百名,而现在中国在全世界的学者和学生已达两万多名,其中一半以上到美国学习。现在有一百多家美国大专院校和几乎同样多的中国大专院校建立了教育上的交流关系。 We have committed more resources to our Fulbright Program in China than in any other country. Two of the American professors teaching here at Fudan are Fulbright Professors. And there are 20 American students studying with you. We are very proud of them. 美国的"富布赖特奖学金计划"拨给中国的奖学金,比拨给任何其他国家的都多。在复旦任教的美国教授当中,就有两位是"富布赖特教授"。还有二十位美国学生也在这里和大家一起学习,我们很为他们自豪。 
美国学生在中国学习,有广阔的天地。他们向中国学习如何监测和预报地震,学习中国在研究癌症的病因和治疗方面是如何取得这么多成就的。中国在神经外科、用草药治病等方面,有许多东西可供我们学习。我们也非常高兴有机会研究中国的语言、历史和现代社会。 You in turn have shown you are eager to learn --- to come to American schools and study electronics and computer sciences, math and engineering, physics, management, and the humanities. We have much to share in these fields, and we are eager to benefit from your curiosity. Much of this sharing is recent, only 5 years old. But the areas of our mutual cooperation continue to expand. We have already agreed to cooperate more closely in trade, technology, investment, and exchanges of scientific and managerial expertise. And we have just concluded an important agreement to help advance our technological and economic development through the peaceful use of nuclear energy. 你们也表示很愿意向我们学习--来美国学校学习电子和计算机科学、数学和工程学、物理学、管理学以及人文学科。在这些领域里,我们可以相互学习的地方很多。我们殷切希望从你们的探索精神中获益。两国之间相互学习是最近才有的事,很多这类活动只有五年的历史。但是我们彼此合作的领域还在不断增加。我们已经商定在贸易、技术、投资以及科学与管理专门知识的交流等方面更密切地合作。此外,我们刚刚还达成了一项重要的协议,通过和平利用核能来促进我们的技术和经济发展。 We live in a troubled world, and the United States and China, as two great nations, share a special responsibility to help reduce the risks of war. We both agree that there can be only one sane policy to preserve our precious civilization in this modern age: A nuclear war cannot be won and must never be fought. And no matter how great the obstacles may seem, we must never stop our efforts to reduce the weapons of war. We must never stop at all, until we see the day when nuclear arms have been banished from the face of this Earth. 我们生活在一个动荡的世界上,美中两国都是伟大的国家,对减少战争危险都负有特别的责任。我们双方一致认为,为了使人类宝贵的文明能够在当代不毁于一旦,只有一种政策是合理的,那就是:永远不打那种谁也打不赢的核战争。不管障碍看来有多大,我们永远不应放松削减战争武器的努力。我们丝毫也不能放松,直到把核武器从地球上彻底销毁。 With peaceful cooperation as our guide, the possibilities for future progress are great. For example, we look forward to exploring with China the possibilities of cooperating in the development of space on behalf of our fellow citizens. 只要我们奉行和平合作的方针,就有可能在将来取得巨大的进步。例如,我们期望与中国一起探讨是否有可能合作开发太空,这是符合世界人民的利益的。 Our astronauts have found that by working in the zero gravity environment of space, we will be able to manufacture lifesaving medicines with far greater purity and efficiency --- medicines that will treat diseases of heart attack and stroke that afflict millions of us. We will learn how to manufacture Factor 8, a rare and expensive medicine used to treat hemophilia. We can research the Beta Cell, which produces insulin, and which could provide mankind's first permanent cure for diabetes. 我们的宇航员发现,在失重的宇宙环境中将能够生产纯度更高、更加有效的药物,来治疗千百万人的心脏病和中风病。我们将能在轨道上试验制作"第八因子",这是一种非常珍贵的稀有药物,可以治疗血友病。我们可以研究Beta细胞,用它来生产胰岛素,用它也许能够根治人类的糖尿病。 
我们可以合作发射各种新型卫星,包括用于导航、气象预报、广播、电子计算机技术等方面的卫星。我们已经拥有化神奇为现实的技术。我们希望,有那么一天,在复旦研究工程学问题的一个中国科学家,将能够同美国麻省理工学院的一台计算机旁的科学家沟通联系,请他给予协助。同样,在美国波士顿的一位科学家,也将能够向上海的一位科学家要求提供专门知识。而这种联系只需要几秒钟的时间就可以接通。 My young friends, this is the way of the future. By pooling our talents and resources we can make space a new frontier of peace. 青年朋友们,这就是未来发展的方向。如果我们把才能和资源汇合起来,就能把太空这个尚未开拓的疆域变成一个新的和平疆域。 Your government's policy of forging closer ties in the free exchange of knowledge has not only enlivened your economy, it has opened the way to a new convergence of Chinese and American interests. You have opened the door --- and let me assure you that ours is open also. 在自由交流知识方面,中国政府奉行加强对外联系的政策,这不仅活跃了中国的经济,而且为促进中美两国的共同利益开辟了新的渠道。你们已经打开了门户,我向你们保证,我们的门户也是敞开着的。 All of this is particularly exciting in light of the recent history of our two countries. For many years there was no closeness between us. The silence took its toll. A dozen years ago it began to change. Together, we made it change, and now in the past 5 years, your policy of opening to the outside world has helped us begin to know each other better than we ever have before. 这些新发展,同两国过去的关系相对照,令人感到特别兴奋。两国关系曾经疏远了许多年,两国为此付出了代价。十二年前,情况开始变化,那是在我们共同努力之下促成的变化。在最近这五年里,中国实行的对外开放政策,使我们开始比过去任何时候更加了解对方。 But that process has just begun. To many Americans, China is still a faraway place, --- unknown, unseen, and fascinating. 然而这一过程仅仅是个开端。时至今日,仍然有许多美国人觉得中国远在天涯海角,鲜为人知,令人心驰神往。 
我们对中国确实心驰神往。各位可知道,中国已经在许多方面对美国的生活发生了影响。中国的影响,中国的成就,在美国到处可见。 If I were spending this afternoon in Washington, I might look out the window and see a man and woman strolling along Pennsylvania Avenue, wearing Chinese silk. They might be on their way to the National Portrait Gallery to see the Chinese art exhibit. From there, perhaps they would stroll to our National Gallery to see the new building designed by the Chinese-American architect I.M. Pei. After that, they might end their day dining in a restaurant that serves Chinese cuisine. 如果我今天下午是在华盛顿,只要向窗外望去,便可以看到一男一女,身穿中国丝绸服装,在白宫门前的宾夕法尼亚大道上散步。他俩可能正在前往国立人像馆去看中国艺术展览,看完展览以后,他俩也许会漫步走向国家美术馆,去看美籍华裔建筑师贝聿铭为该馆设计的新楼。然后他俩可能会去一家中国餐馆吃晚饭,以此来结束一天的活动。 We associate China with vitality, enormous vitality. And something that doesn't always go along with that: subtlety, the subtlety of discerning and intelligent minds. 我们提到中国就想起朝气,这是蓬蓬勃勃的朝气。我们还想起并不总是与朝气并存的敏锐,这是指洞察事物的敏锐和睿智的头脑的敏锐。 Premier Zhao saw something of the American attitude toward China when he visited us in January. He said, after a few days in our country, that he "never expected such profound feelings of friendship among the American people for the Chinese people." 赵总理在今年一月访问美国期间,看到了美国对待中国的态度的一些表现。他在访问了几天以后说,他"从来没有料到,美国人民对中国人民怀着这样深厚的友情。" Let me say, I am happy to return the compliment. I have found the people of China to be just as warm and friendly toward us, and it has made us very glad. 我高兴地说,我也可以用同样的赞扬来回赠中国人民。我发现,中国人民对美国人民怀有同样热烈和深厚的友情,这使我们感到非常高兴。 
但是,在今天与大家见面和谈话以后,我感到我需要更多地了解中国人民。想来你们也有同感,也想更多地了解美国人民。 We call ourselves "a nation of immigrants" and that is truly what we are. We have drawn people from every corner of the Earth. We are composed of virtually every race and religion, and not in small numbers, but large. 我们常把美国称为"移民之国",情况确实如此。美国人来自世界上的每一个角落,美国有世界上的每一个种族,每一种宗教,而且各种族、各宗教的人数不是很少,而是很多。 This tradition --- the tradition of new immigrants adding to the sum total of what we are --- is not a thing of the past. New immigrants are still bringing their talents and improving the quality of American life. Let me name a few --- I think you will know their names: 新来的移民不断给美国带来新东西,这是一种传统,它一直延续至今。今天,外国移民仍然不断前来美国,不断把他们的才智带到美国来,不断提高着美国人民的生活水平。下面让我介绍其中的几位,大家一定会知道他们的名字。 In America. Wang computers have become a fixture in offices throughout the country. They are the product of the energy and brilliance of Mr. An Wang---who himself is the product of a Shanghai university. The faces of our cities shine with the gleaming buildings of Mr.I.M. Pei--- who first became interested in architecture as a student in Shanghai. What we know of the universe, and the fundamental nature of matter, has been expanded by the Nobel Prize winning scientist Dr. Lee Tsung-Dao----who was born in Shanghai. 王安公司的电子计算机,现在已成为美国各地办公室里的必备之物。这些计算机是王安先生的天才和心血培育出来的,而王安先生本人是上海的一所大学培养出来的。贝聿铭先生设计的建筑,为美国的城市面貌增添了光彩。贝聿铭先生对建筑艺术的兴趣,是他在上海读书时就产生的。荣获诺贝尔奖金的科学家李政道博士,丰富了我们对宇宙、对物质的基本特性的认识。他是在上海出生的。 We admire these men, we honor them, and we salute you for what you gave them that helped make them great. 我们赞赏这些人,尊敬这些人。你们为使他们成材作出了贡献,我们也要向你们致敬。 
我们深信这句名言:"人人生而平等,他们享有造物者赋予的若干不可剥夺的权利: 生命的权利、自由的权利和追求幸福的权利。"这就是我们的信念,每一个美国人都能背诵这句名言。散会以后,你们可以把这里的任何一位美国学生或教员拉到一旁,问问他能不能背诵这句出自美国建国文献《独立宣言》的名言。 Americans love freedom. and we have fought and died to protect the freedom of others. When the armies of fascism swept Europe four decades ago, the American people fought at great cost to defend the countries under assault. 美国人民热爱自由,也愿意为维护别人的自由而战斗,而献身。四十年前,法西斯军队席卷欧洲大陆,美国人民挺身而出,投放战斗,为保卫受侵略的国家作出了重大牺牲。 When the armies of fascism swept Asia, We fought with you to stop them. Some of you listening today remember those days, remember when our General Jimmy Doolittle and his squadron came halfway round the world to help. Some of those pilots landed in China. You remember those brave young boys. You hid them and cared for them and bound up their wounds. You saved many of their lives. 法西斯军队席卷亚洲的时候,我们和你们并肩抗敌。在座的有些人会记得那时的情况,会记得美国的杜立德将军率领轰炸机队,飞越半个地球前来助战的事迹。有些飞行员在中国上空机毁人伤,你们还记得那些勇敢的小伙子吧?你们把它们藏起来,照料他们,给他们包扎伤口,你们救了他们很多人的命。 We are an optimistic people. Like you, we inherited a vast land of endless skies, tall mountains, rich fields, and open prairies. It made us see the possibilities in everything. It made us hopeful. 美国人民是乐观的人民。象中国一样,美国继承了幅员辽阔的国土,有一望无际的丛山峻岭,沃土良田和无边草原。辽阔的国土使我们能用积极的眼光去看待一切事物,使我们充满希望。 We invite you to know us. That is the beginning of friendship between people --- and friendship between people is the basis for friendship between governments. 我们欢迎你们多多了解我们,人民之间的友谊就是这样开始的,而人民之间的友谊,是政府之间的友谊的基础。 
美中两国政府之间的沉默状态已告结束。过去的十二年里,两国人民重新相识。现在我们的关系日益成熟,正是为持久友谊奠定基础的时候了。 You know, as I do, that there is much that naturally divides us: Time and space --- different languages and values, different cultures and histories --- and political systems that are fundamentally different. It would be foolish not to acknowledge these differences. There is no point in hiding the truth for the sake of friendship, for a friendship based on fiction will not long withstand the rigors of this world. 我们大家都很清楚,有许多因素自然而然地使我们之间产生距离。例如时间和空间、不同的语言和价值观念、不同的文化和历史、截然不同的政治制度。不承认这些差别是愚蠢的,为了友谊而掩盖真相也毫无意义,因为向壁虚构的友谊经受不住这个世界的严峻考验。 But let us, for a moment, put aside the words that name our differences. Think of what we have in common. We are two great and huge nations on opposite sides of the globe. We are both countries of great vitality and strength. You are the most populous country on Earth. We are the most technologically developed. Each of us holds a special weight in our respective sides of the world. 但是我们暂时可以把那些描写我们的差别的字眼撇在一旁,想一想我们之间的共同点。我们是两个伟大的国家,分处在地球的两边。两国都是朝气蓬勃、力量强大的国家。你们是世界上人口最多的国家,我们是世界上技术最发达的国家。两国都在地球上自己的一边发挥着特殊的作用。 Both the United States and China are rich in human resources and human talent. What wonders lie before us if we practice the advice: Tong Li He Zuo, "Connect strength and work together." 美中两国都拥有大量的人力资源和人才。只要我们通力合作,什么样的奇迹都能创造出来! Over the past 12 years, American and Chinese leaders have met frequently to discuss a whole host of issues. Often we have found agreement. But even when we have not, we have gained insight into each other; and we have learned to appreciate the other's perspectives on the world. 十二年来,美中两国领导人曾就一系列问题多次举行过会谈。我们常常达成一致意见,即使不能达成一致意见,我们也能加深对彼此的认识,理解对方对世界事务的看法。 
这种进程会继续下去。我们既不要忽视双方之间的问题,也不要夸大这些问题。我希望,当人们回顾历史上两国关系这一新篇章时,将不会忘记今天的情景: 美国和中国为加强我们之间的纽带,为两国人民享有更高度的繁荣而合作,为争取世界更可靠和公正的和平,曾接受过时代的挑战。 You. the students at Fudan University, and the scholars at all the universities in China and America, have a great role to play in both our country's futures. From your ranks will come the understanding and skill the world will require in decades to come. Today's leaders can pave the way of the future. That is our responsibility. But it is always the younger generation who will make the future. It is you who will decide if a continuing personal friendship can span the generations and the differences that divide us. In such friendship lies the hope of the world. 复旦大学的学生,中国和美国所有大学的学者,肩负着两国未来的重任。今后几十年里,世界将需要你们这些人相互谅解,发挥才能。今天的领袖可以为未来铺平道路,这是我们的责任。但是未来终归要由年青的一代来创造。至于个人之间的持久友谊能不能弥合上下辈之间、国与国之间的分歧,就取决于你们了。世界的希望,就寄托在这种友谊上。 When he was a very young man, Zhou Enlai wrote a poem for a schoolmate who was leaving to study abroad. Zhou appreciated the responsibilities that separated them, but he also remembered fondly the qualities that made them friends. His poem ends: Promise, I pray, the someday when task done, we go back farming, we'll surely rent a plot of ground and as pairing neighbors let's live. Let us as pairing neighbors live. 周恩来年轻的时候曾为一位准备出洋留学的同窗写过一首送别诗。他很钦佩他的同学争挑重任,负笈远行。但是他也十分珍惜他们之间的崇高友情。诗的结尾是这样写的:"险夷不变应尝胆,道义争担敢息肩。待得归农功满日,它年预卜买邻钱。"让我们象近邻一样生活在一起吧。 I have been happy to speak to you here, to meet you in this city that is so rich in significance for both our countries. Shanghai is a city of scholarship, a city of learning. Shanghai has been a window to the West; it is the city in which my country and yours issued the communique that began our modern friendship; it is the city where the Yangtze meets the East China Sea, which itself becomes the Pacific, which touches our shores. The Yangtze is a swift and turbulent river, one of the great rivers of the world. 有机会在这里向大家讲话,在这个对两国都富有重要意义的城市同大家见面,我感到十分高兴。上海是一个学术之城,一个知识之城。上海历来是你们通向西方之窗,也是我们两国发表公报、始建新友谊的地方。长江波浪滚滚,是世界的大河之一,它经上海流入东海,东海同太平洋汇合,太平洋的波涛汹涌,直达美国西海岸。 My young friends, history is a river that may take us as it will. But we have the power to navigate, to choose direction and make our passage together. The wind is up, the current is swift opportunity for a long and fruitful journey awaits us. We have made our choice. Our new journey will continue. And may it always continue in peace and in friendship. 青年朋友们,历史是一条长河,它用波浪裹挟着我们。但是我们可以驾船航行,选择方向,同舟共济。风高潮急,一次富有成果的长途航行的机会正在等待着我们。我们已经作出了选择。我们将继续我们新的旅程,但愿我们一路顺风,永远生活在友谊与和平之中。 | 
