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从往日的回忆中显现出来的安棋尔·克莱尔先生，并不完全是一个清晰的形象，而是一种富有欣赏力的声音，一种凝视和出神眼睛的长久注视，一种生动的嘴唇，那嘴唇有时候对一个男人来说太小，线条太纤细，虽然他的下唇有时叫人意想不到地闭得紧紧的，但是这已足够叫人打消对他不够果断的推论。尽管如此，在他的神态和目光里，隐藏着某种混乱、模糊和心不在焉的东西，叫人一看就知道他这个人也许对未来的物质生活，既没有明确的目标，也不怎么关心。可是当他还是一个少年的时候，人们就说过，他是那种想做什么就能把什么做好的人。 He was the youngest son of his father, a poor parson at the other end of the county, and had arrived at Talbothays Dairy as a six months' pupil, after going the round of some other farms, his object being to acquire a practical skill in the various processes of farming, with a view either to the Colonies, or the tenure of a home-farm, as circumstances might decide. 他是他父亲的小儿子，他父亲是住在本郡另一头的穷牧师。他来到泰波塞斯奶牛场，是要当六个月的学徒，他已经去过附近其它的一些农场，目的是要学习管理农场过程中的各种实际技术，以便将来根据情况决定是到殖民地去，还是留在国内的农场里工作。 His entry into the ranks of the agriculturists and breeders was a step in the young man's career which had been anticipated neither by himself nor by others. 他进入农夫和牧人的行列，这只是这个年轻人事业中的第一步，也是他自己或者其他的人都不曾预料到的。 Mr Clare the elder, whose first wife had died and left him a daughter, married a second late in life. This lady had somewhat unexpectedly brought him three sons, so that between Angel, the youngest, and his father the vicar there seemed to be almost a missing generation. Of these boys the aforesaid Angel, the child of his old age, was the only son who had not taken a University degree, though he was the single one of them whose early promise might have done full justice to an academical training. 老克莱尔先生的前妻给他生了一个女儿以后，就不幸死了，到了晚年，他又娶了第二个妻子。多少有些出人意料，后妻给他生了三个儿子，因此在最小的儿子安琪尔和老牧师父亲之间，好像差不多缺少了一辈人。在二个儿子中间，前面说到的安琪尔是牧师老来得到的儿子，也只有这个儿子没有大学学位，尽管从早年的天资看，只有他才真正配接受大学的学术训练。 Some two or three years before Angel's appearance at the Marlott dance, on a day when he had left school and was pursuing his studies at home, a parcel came to the vicarage from the local bookseller's, directed to the Reverend James Clare. The vicar having opened it and found it to contain a book, read a few pages; whereupon he lumped up from his seat and went straight to the shop with the book under his arm. 从安琪尔在马洛特村的舞会上跳舞算起，在两三年前，有一天他放学回家后正在学习功课，这时候本地的书店给牧师家送来一个包裹，交到了詹姆士·克莱尔牧师手里。牧师打开包裹一看，里面是一本书，就翻开读了几页；读后他再也坐不住了，就从座位上跳起来，挟著书直奔书店而去。 
为什么要把这本书送到我家里？"他拿着书，不容分说地问。 `It was ordered, sir.' " 这本书是订购的，先生。" `Not by me, or any one belonging to me, I am happy to say.' The shopkeeper looked into his order-book. " 我敢说我没有订购这本书，我家里别的人也没有订购这本书。" 书店老板查了查订购登记簿。 `Oh, it has been misdirected, sir,' he said. `It was ordered by Mr Angel Clare, and should have been sent to him.' " 哦，这本书寄错了，先生，"他说。"这本书是安琪尔·克莱尔先生订购的，应该寄给他才对。" Mr Clare winced as if he had been struck. He went home pale and dejected, and called Angel into his study. 克莱尔先生听后直往后躲，仿佛被人打了一样。他满脸苍白地回到家里，一脸地沮丧，把安琪尔叫到他的书房里。 
你读读这本书吧，我的儿子，"他说。"你知道这是怎么一回事吗？" `I ordered it,' said Angel simply. " 这是我订购的书，"安琪尔回答得很简单。 `What for?' " 订这本书干什么？" `To read.' " 读呀。" `How can you think of reading it?' " 你怎么会想到要读这本书？" 
我怎么想到的？为什么--这是一本关于哲学体系的书呀。在已经出版的书里面，没有其它的书比它更符合道德的了，也甚至没有比它更符合宗教的了。" `Yes - moral enough; I don't deny that. But religious! - and for you, who intend to be a minister of the Gospel!' " 是的-一很道德；我不否认这一点。可是宗教呢？--尤其对你来说，对想当一个宣传福音的牧师的你来说，它不合乎宗教！" `Since you have alluded to the matter, father,' said the son, with anxious thought upon his face, `I should like to say, once for all, that I should prefer not to take Orders. I fear I could not conscientiously do so. I love the Church as one loves a parent. I shall always have the warmest affection for her. There is no institution for whose history I have a deeper admiration; but I cannot honestly be ordained her minister, as my brothers are, while she refuses to liberate her mind from an untenable redemptive theolatry.' " 既然你提到这件事，父亲，"儿子说，脸上满是焦虑的神情，"我想最后再说一次，我不愿意担任教职。凭良心说，我恐怕不能够去当牧师。我爱教会就像一个人爱他的父亲一样。对教会我一直怀有最热烈的感情。再也没有一种制度的历史能使我有比它更深的敬爱了；可是，在她还没有把她的思想从奉神赎罪的不堪一击的信念中解放出来，我不能像我两个哥哥一样，真正接受教职做她的牧师。" It had never occurred to the straightforward and simple-minded Vicar that one of his own flesh and blood could come to this! He was stultified, shocked, paralyzed. And if Angel were not going to enter the Church, what was the use of sending him to Cambridge? The University as a step to anything but ordination seemed, to this man of fixed ideas, a preface without a volume. He was a man not merely religious, but devout; a firm believer - not as the phrase is now elusively construed by theological thimble-riggers in the Church and out of it, but in the old and ardent sense of the Evangelical school: one who could 这位性格率直思想单纯的牧师从来没有想到，他自己的亲生骨肉竟会说出这样一番话来。他不禁吓住了、愣住了、瘫痪了。要是安琪尔不愿意进入教会，那么把他送到剑桥去还有什么用处呢？对这位思想观念一成不变的牧师来说，进剑桥大学似乎只是进入教会的第一步，是一篇还没有正文的序言。他这个人不但信教，而且非常虔诚；他是一个坚定的信徒--这不是现在教堂内外拿神学玩把戏而闪烁其词时用作解释的一个词，而是在福音教派①过去就有的在热烈意义上使用的一个词。他是这样一个人： ①福音教派（Evangelical school），新教（Protestant）中的一派，认为福音的要义是宣讲人陷入罪恶，耶稣为人赎罪，人应凭借信心赎罪。英国国教中包含这种主义的也就是低教派（Low Church）。 Indeed opine 真正相信 
上帝和造物主 Did, eighteen centuries ago 在十八世纪以前 In very truth... 确实作过上…… Angel's father tried argument, persuasion, entreaty. 安琪尔的父亲努力同他争论，劝说他，恳求他。 `No, father: I cannot underwrite Article Four (leave alone the rest), taking it "in the literal and grammatical sense" as required by the Declaration; and, therefore, I can't be a parson in the present state of affairs,' said Angel. `My whole instinct in matters of religion is towards reconstruction; to quote your favourite Epistle to the Hebrews, "the removing of those things that are shaken, as of things that are made, that those things which cannot be shaken may remain".' " 不，爸爸；光是第四条我就不能赞同（其它的暂且不论），不能按照《宣言》的要求'按照字面和语法上的意义'接受它；所以，在目前的情况下我不能做牧帅，"安琪尔说。"关于宗教的问题，我的全部本能就是趋向于将它重新改造；让我引用你所喜爱的《希伯莱书》中的几句话吧，'那些被震动的都是受造之物，都要挪去，使那不被震动的常存'。" 
他的父亲伤心无比，安琪尔见了心里感到非常难受。 `What is the good of your mother and me economizing and stinting ourselves to give you a University education, if it is not to be used for the honour and glory of God?' his father repeated. " 要是你不为上帝的光辉和荣耀服务，那么我和你母亲省吃俭用、吃苦受罪地供你上大学，还有什么用处呢？"他的父亲把这话说了一遍又一遍。 `Why, that it may be used for the honour and glory of man, father.' " 可以用来为人类的光辉和荣耀服务啊，爸爸。" Perhaps if Angel had persevered he might have gone to Cambridge like his brothers. But the Vicar's view of that seat of learning as a stepping-stone to Orders alone was quite a family tradition; and so rooted was the idea in his mind that perseverance began to appear to the sensitive son akin to an intent to misappropriate a trust, and wrong the pious heads of the household, who had been and were, as his father had hinted, compelled to exercise much thrift to carry out this uniform plan of education for the three young men. 如果安琪尔继续坚持下去，也许他就可以像两个哥哥一样去剑桥了。但是牧师的观点完全是一种家庭传统，就足仅仅把剑桥这个学府当作进入教会的一块垫脚石；他心中的思想是那样根深蒂固，所以生性敏感的儿子开始觉得，他要再坚持下去就好像是侵吞了一笔委托财产，对个起他虔诚的父母，正如他的父亲睹示的那样，他们过去和现在都不得不节衣缩食，以便实现供养三个儿子接受同样教育的计划。 `I will do without Cambridge,' said Angel at last. `I feel that I have no right to go there in the circumstances.' " 我不上剑桥大学也行，"安琪尔后来说。"我觉得在目前情况下，我没有权利进剑桥大学。" 
这场关键性的辩论结束了，它的影响不久也显现出来。多少年来，他进行了许多漫无边际的研究，尝试过多次杂乱无章的计划，进行过无数毫无系统的思考；开始对社会习俗和礼仪明显表现出满不在乎的态度。他越来越鄙夷地位、财富这种物质上的差别。在他看来，即使"古老世家"（使用近来故去的一个本地名人的字眼儿）也没有了香味，除非它的后人能有新的良好变化。为了使这种严酷单调的生活得到平衡，他就到伦敦去住，要看看伦敦的世界是什么样子，同时也为了从事一种职业或者生意在那儿进行锻炼，他在那儿遇上了一个年纪比他大得多的女人，被她迷昏厂头脑，差一点儿掉进她的陷阱，幸好他摆脱开了，没有因为这番经历吃了大亏。 Early association with country solitudes had bred in him an unconquerable, and almost unreasonable, aversion to modern life, and shut him out from such success as he might have aspired to by following a mundane calling in the impracticability of the spiritual one. But something had to be done; he had wasted many valuable years; and having an acquaintance who was starting on a thriving life as a Colonial farmer, it occurred to Angel that this might be a lead in the right direction. Farming, either in the Colonies, America, or at home - farming, at any rate, after becoming well qualified for the business by a careful apprenticeship - that was a vocation which would probably afford an independence without the sacrifice of what he valued even more than a competency - intellectual liberty. 他的幼年生活同乡村幽静生活的联系，使他对现代城市生活生出一种不可抑制的几乎是非理性的厌恶来，因此也使他同另一种成功隔离开来，使他既不愿从事精神方面的工作，也不愿立志追求一种世俗的职业。但是他不能不做一件工作；他已经虚度了许多年的宝贵光阴；后来认识了一个在殖民地务农而发达起来的朋友，因此他想到这也许是一条正确的途径。在殖民地，在美国，或者在国内务农--通过认真地学习务农，无论如何，在学会了这件事之后--也许务农是使他得到独立的一种职业，而不用牺牲他看得比可观的财产更为宝贵的东西，即精神自由。 So we find Angel Clare at six-and-twenty here at Talbothays as a student of kine, and, as there were no houses near at hand in which he could get a comfortable lodging, a boarder at the dairyman's. 因此，我们就看到安琪尔·克莱尔在二十六岁时来到泰波塞斯，做一个学习养牛的学徒，同时，因为附近找不到一个舒适的住处，所以他吃住都和奶牛场的老板在一起。 His room was an immense attic which ran the whole length of the dairy-house. It could only be reached by a ladder from the cheese-loft, and had been closed up for a long time till he arrived and selected it as his retreat. Here Clare had plenty of space, and could often be heard by the dairy-folk pacing up and down when the household had gone to rest. A portion was divided off at one end by a curtain, behind which was his bed, the outer part being furnished as a homely sitting-room. 他的房间是一个很大的阁楼，同整个牛奶房的长度一样长。奶酪间里有一架楼梯，只有从那儿才能上楼去，阁楼已经关闭了很长时间，他来了以后才把它打开作他的住处。克莱尔住在这儿，拥有大量空间，所有的人都睡了，奶牛场的人还听见他在那儿走来走去。阁楼的一头用帘子隔出了一部分，里面就是他的床铺，外面的部分则被布置成一个朴素的起居室。 At first he lived up above entirely, reading a good deal, and strumming upon an old harp which he had bought at a sale, saying when in a bitter humour that he might have to get his living by it in the streets some day. But he soon preferred to read human nature by taking his meals downstairs in the general dining-kitchen, with the dairyman and his wife, and the maids and men, who all together formed a lively assembly; for though but few milking hands slept in the house, several joined the family at meals. The longer Clare resided here the less objection had he to his company, and the more did he like to share quarters with them in common. 起初他完全住在楼上，读了大量的书，弹一弹廉价买来的一架旧竖琴，在他感到心情苦恼无奈的时候，就说有一天他要在街上弹琴挣饭吃。可是后来不久，他就宁肯下楼到那间大饭厅里去体察人生，同老板、老板娘和男女工人一起吃饭了，所有这些人一起组成了一个生动的集体；因为只有很少的挤奶工人住在奶牛场里，但是同牛奶场老板一家吃饭的人倒有好几个。克莱尔在这儿住的时间越长，他同他的伙伴们的隔阂就越少，也愿意同他们多增加相互的往来。 
使他大感意外的是，他的确真的喜欢与他们为伍了。他想象中的世俗农夫--报纸上所说的典型人物，著名的可怜笨伯霍吉--他住下来没有几天就从他心中消失了。同他们一接近，霍吉是不存在的。说真的，起初克莱尔从一个完全不同的社会来到这里，他感到同他朝夕相处的这些朋友呆在一起似乎有点儿异样。作为奶牛场老板一家人中的一个平等成员坐在一起，他在开头还觉得有失身分。他们的思想观念、生活方式和周围的环境似乎都是落后的、毫无意义的。但是他在那儿住下来，同他们天天生活在一起，于是寄居在这儿的这个眼光敏锐的人，就开始认识到这群平常人身上的全新的一面。虽然他看到的人并没有发生什么变化，但是丰富多采已经取代了单调乏味。老板和老板娘、男工和女工都变成了克莱尔熟悉的朋友，他们像发生化学变化一样开始显示出各自不同的特点。他开始想到帕斯卡说过的话："一个人自身的心智越高，就越能发现别人的独特之处。平庸的人是看不出人与人之间的差别的。"①那种典型的没有变化的霍吉已经不存在了。他已经分化了，融进了大量的各色各样的人中间去了--成了一群思想丰富的人，一群差别无穷的人；有些人快乐，多数人沉静，还有几个人心情忧郁，其间也有聪明程度达到天才的人，也有一些人愚笨，有些人粗俗，有些人质朴；有些人是沉默无声的弥尔顿式的人物，有些人则是锋芒毕露的克伦威尔式的人物②；他们就像他认识自己的朋友一样，相互之间都有着自己的看法；他们也会相互赞扬，或者相互指责，或者因为想到各自的弱点或者缺点而感到好笑和难过；他们都按照各自的方式在通往尘土的死亡道路上走着。 ①帕斯卡（Pascal，1623-1662），法国数学家和哲学家，引文引自其《沉思录》"总序"。 ②该文出自于英国诗人托玛斯·葛雷的《墓园挽歌》一诗的第十五节。 Unexpectedly he began to like the outdoor life for its own sake, and for what it brought, apart from its bearing on his own proposed career. Considering his position he became wonderfully free from the chronic melancholy which is taking hold of the civilized races with the decline of belief in a beneficent Power. For the first time of late years he could read as his musings inclined him, without any eye to cramming for a profession, since the few farming handbooks which he deemed it desirable to master occupied him but little time. 出乎意料的是，他开始喜爱户外的生活了，这倒不是由于户外的生活对自己选择的职业有关系，而是因为户外生活本身，由于户外生活给他带来的东西。从克莱尔的地位来看，他已经令人惊奇地摆脱了长期的忧郁，那种忧郁是因为文明的人类对仁慈的神逐渐丧失信心而产生的。近些年来，他能够第一次按照自己的意思读他喜爱的书了，而不用考虑为了职业去死记硬背，因为他认为值得熟读的几本农业手册，根本用不了多少时间。 He grew away from old associations, and saw something new in life and humanity. Secondarily, he made close acquaintance with phenomena which he had before known but darkly - the seasons in their moods, morning and evening, night and noon, winds in their different tempers, trees, waters and mists, shades and silences, and the voices of inanimate things. 他同过去的联系越来越少了，在人生和人类中间发现了一些新的东西。其次，他对过上只是模模糊糊地知道的外界现象更加熟悉了--如四季的变幻、清晨和傍晚、黑夜和正午、不同脾性的风、树木、水流、雾气、幽暗、静寂，还有许多无生命事物的声音。 The early mornings were still sufficiently cool to render a fire acceptable in the large room wherein they breakfasted; and, by Mrs Crick's orders, who held that he was too genteel to mess at their table, it was Angel Clare's custom to sit in the yawning chimney-corner during the meal, his cup-and-saucer and plate being placed on a hinged flap at his elbow. The light from the long, wide, mullioned window opposite shone in upon his nook, and, assisted by a secondary light of cold blue quality which shone down the chimney, enabled him to read there easily whenever disposed to do so. Between Clare and the window was the table at which his companions sat, their munching profiles rising sharp against the panes; while to the side was the milk-house door, through which were visible the rectangular leads in rows, full to the brim with the morning's milk. At the further end the great churn could be seen revolving, and its slip-slopping heard - the moving power being discernible through the window in the form of a spiritless horse walking in a circle and driven by a boy, 清早的气温仍然凉得很，所以在他们吃饭的那间大房子里生上了火，大家感到适意；克里克太太认为克莱尔温文尔雅，不宜于坐在他们的桌子上同大家在一起吃饭，就吩咐让人把他的盘子和一套杯子和碟子摆在一块用铰链连起米的搁板上，所以吃饭的时候他总是坐在大张着口的壁炉旁边。阳光从对面那个又长又宽的直棂窗户里射进来，照亮了他坐的那个角落，壁炉的烟囱里也有一道冷蓝色的光线照进来，每当想要读书的时候，他就可以在那儿舒舒服服地读书了。在克莱尔和窗户中间，有一张他的伙伴们坐着吃饭的桌子，他们咀嚼东西的身影清清楚楚地映在窗户的玻璃上；房子一边是奶房的门，从门里面看进去，可以看见一排长方形的铅桶，里面装满了早晨挤出来的牛奶。在更远的一头，可以看见搅黄油的奶桶在转动着，也听得见搅黄油的声音--从窗户里看过去，可以看出奶桶是由一匹马拉着转动的，那是一匹没精打采的马，在一个男孩的驱赶下绕着圈走着。 For several days after Tess's arrival Clare, sitting abstractedly reading from some book, periodical, or piece of music just come by post, hardly noticed that she was present at table. She talked so little, and the other maids talked so much, that the babble did not strike him as possessing a new note, and he was ever in the habit of neglecting the particulars of an outward scene for the general impression. One day, however, when he had been conning one of his music-scores, and by force of imagination was hearing the tune in his head, he lapsed into listlessness, and the music-sheet rolled to the hearth. He looked at the fire of logs, with its one flame pirouetting on the top in a dying dance after the breakfast-cooking and boiling, and it seemed to jig to his inward tune; also at the two chimney crooks dangling down from the cotterer or cross-bar, plumed with soot which quivered to the same melody; also at the half-empty kettle whining an accompaniment. The conversation at the table mixed in with his phantasmal orchestra till he thought: `What a fluty voice one of those milkmaids has! I suppose it is the new one.' 在苔丝来后的好几天里，克莱尔老是坐在那儿聚精会神地读书，读杂志，或者是读他刚收到的邮局寄来的乐谱，几乎没有注意到桌子上苔丝的出现。苔丝说话不多，其他的女孩子又说话太多，所以在那一片喧哗里，他心里没有留下多了一种新的说话声的印象，而且他也只习惯于获得外界的大致印象，而不太注意其中的细节。但是有一天，他正在熟悉一段乐谱，并在头脑里集中了他的全部想象力欣赏这段乐谱的时候，突然走了神，乐谱掉到了带炉的边上。那时已经做完了早饭，烧过了开水，他看见燃烧的木头只剩下一点火苗还在跳动着，快要熄火了，似乎在和着他内心的旋律跳吉尔舞；他还看见从壁炉的横梁或十字架上垂下来的两根挂钩，钩子沾满了烟灰，也和着同样的旋律颤抖着；钩子上的水壶已经空了一半，在用低声的倾诉和着旋律伴奏。桌子上的谈话混合在他幻想中的管弦乐曲里，他心里想："在这些挤奶女工中间，有一个姑娘的声音多么清脆悦耳呀！我猜想这是一个新来的人的声音。" 
克莱尔扭头看去，只见她同其他的女工坐在一起。 She was not looking towards him. Indeed, owing to his long silence, his presence in the room was almost forgotten. 她没有向他这边看。实在的情形是，因为他在那儿坐了很久，默不作声，差不多已经被人忘记了。 `I don't know about ghosts,' she was saying; `but I do know that our souls can be made to go outside our bodies when we are alive.' " 我不知道有没有鬼怪，"她正在说，"但是我的确知道我们活着的时候，是能够让我们的灵魂出窍的。" The dairyman turned to her with his mouth full, his eyes charged with serious inquiry, and his great knife and fork (breakfasts were breakfasts here) planted erect on the table, like the beginning of a gallows. 奶牛场的老板一听，惊讶得合不上嘴，转过身看着她，眼睛里带着认真的询问；他把手里拿的大刀子和大叉子竖在桌子上（因为这儿的早餐是正规的早餐），就像是一副绞刑架子。 `What - really now? And is it so, maidy?' he said. " 什么呀--真的吗？真的是这样吗，姑娘？"他问。 
要觉得灵魂出窍，一种最简单的方法，"苔丝继续说，"就是晚上躺在草地上，用眼睛紧紧盯着天上某颗又大又亮的星星；你把思想集中到那颗星星上，不久你就会发现你离开自己的肉体有好几千里路远了，而你又似乎根本不想离开那么远。" The dairyman removed his hard gaze from Tess, and fixed it on his wife. 奶牛场老板把死死盯在苔丝身上的目光移开，盯在他的妻子身上。 `Now that's a rum thing, Christianner - hey? To think o' the miles I've vamped o' starlight nights these last thirty years, courting, or trading, or for doctor, or for nurse, and yet never had the least notion o' that till now, or feeled my soul rise so much as an inch above my shirt-collar.' " 真是一件怪事，克里丝蒂娜，你说是不是？想想吧，我这三十年来在星空中走了多少里路啊，讨老婆，做生意，请大夫，找护士，一直到现在，一点儿也没有注意到灵魂出窍，也没有感觉到我的灵魂曾经离开过我的衣领半寸。" The general attention being drawn to her, including that of the dairyman's pupil, Tess flushed, and remarking evasively that it was only a fancy, resumed her breakfast. 所有的人都把日光集中到了她的身上，其中也包括奶牛场老板的学徒的目光，苔丝的脸红了，就含含糊糊地说这只不过是一种幻想，说完了又接着吃她的早饭。 Clare continued to observe her. She soon finished her eating, and having a consciousness that Clare was regarding her, began to trace imaginary patterns on the tablecloth with her forefinger with the constraint of a domestic animal that perceives itself to be watched. 克莱尔继续观察她，不久她就吃完了饭，感觉到克莱尔正在注意她，就像一只家畜知道有人注意自己时感到的紧张那样，开始用她的食指在桌布上画着她想象中的花样。 
那个挤奶的女工，真是一个多么新鲜、多么纯洁的自然女儿啊！"他自言自语地说。 And then he seemed to discern in her something that was familiar, something which carried him back into a joyous and unforeseeing past, before the necessity of taking thought had made the heavens gray. He concluded that he had beheld her before; where he could not tell. A casual encounter during some country ramble it certainly had been, and he was not greatly curious about it. But the circumstance was sufficient to lead him to select Tess in preference to the other pretty milkmaids when he wished to contemplate contiguous womankind. 后来，他似乎在她的身上了解到一些他所熟悉的东西，这些东西使他回忆起欢乐的不能预知未来的过去，回忆起从前顾虑重重天空昏暗的日子。他最后肯定他从前见过她；但是他说不出在哪儿见过她。肯定是有一次在乡下漫游时偶然相遇的；因而他对此并不感到十分奇怪。但是这情形已经足以使他在希望观察身边这些女性时，选择苔丝而宁愿放弃别的漂亮女孩子了。 第十九章
In general the cows were milked as they presented themselves, without fancy or choice. But certain cows will show a fondness for a particular pair of hands, sometimes carrying this predilection so far as to refuse to stand at all except to their favourite, the pail of a stranger being unceremoniously kicked over. 一般说来，给母牛挤奶是由不得自己选择的，也由不得自己的喜爱，碰上哪一头就挤哪一头。可是某些奶牛却喜欢某个特定人的手，有时候它们的这种偏爱非常强烈，如果不是它们喜欢的人，根本就不站着让你挤奶，还毫不客气地把它们不熟悉的人的牛奶桶踢翻。 It was Dairyman Crick's rule to insist on breaking down these partialities and aversions by constant interchange, since otherwise, in the event of a milkman or maid going away from the dairy, he was placed in a difficulty. The maids' private aims, however, were the reverse of the dairyman's rule, the daily selection by each damsel of the eight or ten cows to which she had grown accustomed rendering the operation on their willing udders surprisingly easy and effortless. 奶牛场老板有一条规矩，就是坚持通过不断地变换人手，来打破奶牛这种偏爱和好恶的习惯；因为不这样做，一且挤奶的男工和女工离开了奶牛场，他就会陷入困难的境地。可是，那些挤奶女工个人的心愿却同奶牛场老板的规矩相反，要是每个姑娘天天都挑她们已经挤习惯了的那八头或十头奶牛，挤它们那些她们已经感到顺手的奶头，她们就会感到特别轻松容易。 
苔丝同她的伙伴们一样，不久也发现喜欢她的挤奶方式的那几头牛；在最后两三年里，有时候她长时间地呆在家里，一双手的手指头已经变得娇嫩了，因此她倒愿意去迎合那些奶牛的意思。在全场九十五头奶牛中，有八头特别的牛--短胖子、幻想、高贵、雾气、老美人、小美人、整齐、大嗓门--虽然有一两头牛的奶头硬得好像胡萝卜，但是她们大多数都乐意听她的，只要她的手指头一碰奶头，牛奶就流了出来。但是她知道奶牛场老板的意思，所以除了那几头她还对付不了的不容易出奶的牛而外，只要是走到她的身边的奶牛，她都认真地为它们挤奶。 But she soon found a curious correspondence between the ostensibly chance position of the cows and her wishes in this matter, till she felt that their order could not be the result of accident. The dairyman's pupil had lent a hand in getting the cows together of late, and at the fifth or sixth time she turned her eyes, as she rested against the cow, full of sly inquiry upon him. 后来不久，她发现奶牛排列的次序表面上看起来是偶然的，但是同她的愿望又能奇怪地一致，关于这件事，她感到它们的次序决不是偶然的结果。近来，奶牛场老板的学徒一直在帮忙把奶牛赶到一起，在第五次或第六次的时候，她靠在奶牛的身上，转过头来，用满是狡黠的追问眼光看着他。 `Mr Clare, you have ranged the cows!' she said, blushing; and in making the accusation symptoms of a smile gently lifted her upper lip in spite of her, so as to show the tips of her teeth, the lower lip remaining severely still. " 克莱尔先生，是你在安排这些奶牛吧！"她说话的时候，脸上一红；她在责备他的时候，虽然她的上嘴唇仍然紧紧地闭着，但是她又轻轻地张开她的上嘴唇，露出可爱的微笑来。 `Well, it makes no difference,' said he. `You will always be here to milk them.' " 啊，这并没有什么不同，"他说，"你只要一直在这儿，这些奶牛就会由你来挤。" `Do you think so? I hope I shall! But I don't know.' " 你是这样想的吗？我的确希望能这样！但我又的确不知道。" 
她后来又对自己生起气来，心想，他不知道她喜欢这儿的隐居生活的严肃理由，有可能把她的意思误解了。她对他说话的时候那样热情，似乎在她的希望中有一层意思就是在他的身边。她心里非常不安，到了傍晚，她挤完了奶，就独自走进园子里，继续后悔不该暴露自己发现了他对她的照顾。 It was a typical summer evening in June, the atmosphere being in such delicate equilibrium and so transmissive that inanimate objects seemed endowed with two or three senses, if not five. There was no distinction between the near and the far, and an auditor felt close to everything within the horizon. The soundlessness impressed her as a positive entity rather than as the mere negation of noise. It was broken by the strumming of strings. 这是六月里一个典型的傍晚，大气的平衡达到了精细的程度，传导性也十分敏锐，所以没有生命的东西也似乎有了两三种感觉，如果说没有五种的话。远近的界线消失了，听者感觉到地平线以内的一切都近在咫尺。万籁俱寂，这给她的印象与其说是声音的虚无，不如说是一种实际的存在。这时传来了弹琴声，寂静被打破了。 Tess had heard those notes in the attic above her head. Dim, flattened, constrained by their confinement, they had never appealed to her as now, when they wandered in the still air with a stark quality like that of nudity. To speak absolutely, both instrument and execution were poor, but the relative is all, and as she listened Tess, like a fascinated bird, could not leave the spot. Far from leaving she drew up towards the performer, keeping behind the hedge that he might not guess her presence. 苔丝过去听见过头上阁楼里的那些琴声。那时的琴声模糊、低沉、被四周的墙壁挡住了，从来没有像现在那样令她激动，琴声在静静的夜空里荡漾，质朴无华，就像赤裸裸的一样。肯定地说，无论是乐器还是演奏都不出色：不过什么都不是绝对的苔丝听着琴声，就像一只听得入迷的小鸟，离不开那个地方了。她不仅没有离开，而且走到了弹琴人的附近，躲在树篱的后面，免得让他猜出她藏在那儿。 The outskirt of the garden in which Tess found herself had been left uncultivated for some years, and was now damp and rank with juicy grass which sent up mists of pollen at a touch; and with tall blooming weeds emitting offensive smells - weeds whose red and yellow and purple hues formed a polychrome as dazzling as that of cultivated flowers. She went stealthily as a cat through this profusion of growth, gathering cuckoo-spittle on her skirts, cracking snails that were underfoot, staining her hands with thistlemilk and slug-slime, and rubbing off upon her naked arms sticky blights which, though snow-white on the apple-tree trunks, made madder stains on her skin; thus she drew quite near to Clare, still unobserved of him. 苔丝发现她躲藏的地方是在园子的边上，地卜的泥土已经许多年没有耕种了，潮湿的地上现在长满了茂密的多汁的杂草，稍一碰杂草，花粉就化作雾气飞散出来；又高义深的杂草开着花，散发出难闻的气味--野花有红的、黄的和紫的颜色，构成了一幅彩色的图画，鲜艳夺目，就像是被人工培植出来的花草一样。她像一只猫悄悄地走着，穿过这片茂密的杂草，裙子上沾上了杜鹃虫的粘液，脚下踩碎了蜗牛壳，两只手上也沾上了蓟草的浆汁和蛞蝓的粘液，被她擦下来的树霉一样的东西，也沾到了她裸露的手臂上，这种树霉长在苹果树干上像雪一样白，但是沾到她的皮肤上就变成了像茜草染成的斑块；她就这样走到离克莱尔很近的地方，不过克莱尔却看不见她。 Tess was conscious of neither time nor space. The exaltation which she had described as being producible at will by gazing at a star, came now without any determination of hers; she undulated upon the thin notes of the second-hand harp, and their harmonies passed like breezes through her, bringing tears into her eyes. The floating pollen seemed to be his notes made visible, and the dampness of the garden the weeping of the garden's sensibility. Though near nightfall, the rank-smelling weed-flowers glowed as if they would not close for intentness, and the waves of colour mixed with the waves of sound. 苔丝已经忘记了时间的运行，忘记厂空间的存在。她过去曾经描述过，通过凝视夜空的星星就能随意生出灵魂出窍的意境，现在她没有刻意追求就出现了；随着那架旧竖琴的纤细的音调，她的心潮起伏波动，和谐的琴音像微风一样．吹进了她的心中，感动得她的眼睛里充满了泪水。那些飘浮的花粉，似乎就是他弹奏出米的可见的音符，花园里一片潮湿，似乎就是花园受到感动流出的泪水。虽然夜晚快要降临了，但是气味难闻的野草的花朵，却光彩夺目，仿佛听得入了迷面不能闭合了，颜色的波浪和琴音的波浪，相互融合在一起。 
那时仍然透露出来的光线，主要是从西边一大片云彩中的一个大洞中产生生出来的；它仿佛是偶然剩余下来的一片昼，而四周已经被暮色包围了。他弹完了忧郁的旋律，他的弹奏非常简单，也不需要很大的技巧；苔丝在那儿等着，心想第二支曲子也许就要开始了。可是，他已经弹得累了，就漫无目的地绕过树篱，慢慢向她身后走来。苔丝像被火烤了一样满脸通红，好像根本无法移动一步，就悄悄躲在一边。 Angel, however, saw her light summer gown, and he spoke; his low tones reaching her, though he was some distance off. 但是，安琪尔已经看见了她那件轻盈的夏衣，开口说话了。虽然他离开她还有一段距离，但是她已经听到了他的低沉的说话声。 `What makes you draw off in that way, Tess?' said he. `Are you afraid?' " 你为什么那样躲开了，苔丝？"他说。"你害怕吗？" `Oh no, sir... not of outdoor things; especially just now when the apple-blooth is failing, and everything so green.' " 啊，不，先生……不是害怕屋子外面的东西；尤其是现在，苹果树的花瓣在飘落，草木一片翠绿，这就更用不着害怕了。" `But you have your indoor fears - eh?' " 但是屋子里有什么东西使你感到害怕，是吗？" 
唔--是的，先生。" `What of?, " 害怕什么呢？" `I couldn't quite say.' " 我也说不太明白" `The milk turning sour?' " 怕牛奶变酸了吗？" `No.' " 不是。" 
总之，害怕生活？" `Yes, sir.' " 是的，先生。" `Ah - so have I, very often. This hobble of being alive is rather serious, don't you think so?' " 哦--我也害怕生活，经常怕。生活在这种境遇里真是不容易，你是不是这样认为？" `It is - now you put it that way.' " 是的--现在你这样明明白白地一说，我也是这样认为的。" `All the same, I shouldn't have expected a young girl like you to see it so just yet. How is it you do?' " 谁说都一样，我真没有想到一个像你这样的年轻女孩子，也会这样看待生活，你是怎样认识到的呢？" 
她犹犹豫豫地，不作回答。 `Come, Tess, tell me in confidence.' " 说吧，苔丝，相信我，对我说吧。" She thought that he meant what were the aspects of things to her, and replied shyly-- 她心想他的意思是说她怎样看事物的各个方面，就羞怯地问答说-- `The trees have inquisitive eyes, haven't they? - that is, seem as if they had. And the river says, - "Why do ye trouble me with your looks?" And you seem to see numbers of to-morrows just all in a line, the first of them the biggest and clearest, the others getting smaller and smaller as they stand farther away; but they all seem very fierce and cruel and as if they said, "I'm coming! Beware of me! Beware of me!"... But you, sir, can raise up dreams with your music, and drive all such horrid fancies away!' " 树木也都有一双探索的眼睛，是不是？我是说，它们似乎有一双眼睛。河水也似乎在说话，--'你为什么看着我，让我不得安宁？'你似乎还会看到，无数个明天在一起排成了一排，它们中间的第一个是最大的一个，也是最清楚的一个，其它的一个比一个小，一个比一个站得远；但是它们都似乎十分凶恶，十分残忍，它们好像在说，'我来啦！留神我吧！留神我吧！'……可是你，先生，却能用音乐激发出梦幻来，把所有这些幻影都通通赶走了！" He was surprised to find this young woman - who though but a milkmaid had just that touch of rarity about her which might make her the envied of her housemates - shaping such sad imaginings. She was expressing in her own native phrases - assisted a little by her Sixth Standard training - feelings which might almost have been called those of the age - the ache of modernism. The perception arrested him less when he reflected that what are called advanced ideas are really in great part but the latest fashion in definition - a more accurate expression, by words in logy and ism, of sensations which men and women have vaguely grasped for centuries. 他惊奇地发现这个年轻的女孩子--虽然她不过是一个挤牛奶的女工，却已经有了这种罕有的见解了，这也使得她与其他的同屋女工不同--她竟有了一些如此忧伤的想法。她是用自己家乡的字眼儿表达的--再加上一点儿在标准的六年小学中学到的字眼--她表达的也许差不多是可以被称作我们时代的感情的那种感情，即现代主义的痛苦。他想到，那些所谓的先进思想，大半都是用最时髦的字眼加以定义--使用什么"学"或什么"主义"，那么许多世纪以来男男女女模模糊糊地领会到的感觉，就会被表达得更加清楚了，想到这里，他也就不太注意了。 
但是，仍然叫人感到奇怪的是，她这样年轻就产生了这样的思想；不仅仅只是奇怪；还叫人感动，叫人关心，叫人悲伤。用不着去猜想其中的缘由，他也想不出来，经验在于阅历的深浅，而不在于时间的长短。从前苔丝在肉体上遭受到痛苦，而现在却是她精神上的收获。 Tess, on her part, could not understand why a man of clerical family and good education, and above physical want, should look upon it as a mishap to be alive. For the unhappy pilgrim herself there was very good reason. But how could this admirable and poetic man ever have descended into the Valley of Humiliation, have felt with the man of Uz - as she herself had felt two or three years ago - `My soul chooseth strangling and death rather than my life. I loathe it; I would not live alway.' 在苔丝这一方面，她弄不明白，一个人生在牧师的家庭，受过良好的教育，又没有什么物质上的缺乏，为什么还要把生活看成足一种不幸。对她这样一个苦命的朝圣者来说，这样想自有充足的理由，可是他那样一个让人羡慕和富有诗意的人，怎么会掉进耻屏谷①中呢，怎么也会有乌兹老人②一样的感情呢--他的感觉就同她两三年前的感觉一样--"我宁愿上吊，宁愿死去，也不愿活着。我厌恶生命，我不愿意永远活着。" ①耻辱谷（Valley of Humiliation），英国作家班扬（John Bunyan，1628-1688）在其所着小说《天路历程》中所提的一个地方。 ②乌兹老人（the man of Uz），《旧约·约伯记》第一章说，乌兹这个地方有一个老人名叫约伯，敬畏上帝，远离罪恶。上帝要试其心，便把灾祸降给他，于是约伯诅咒自己的生日，悦不如死了的好。 It was true that he was at present out of his class. But she knew that was only because, like Peter the Great in a shipwright's yard, he was studying what he wanted to know. He did not milk cows because he was obliged to milk cows, but because he was learning how to be a rich and prosperous dairyman, landowner, agriculturist, and breeder of cattle. He would become an American or Australian Abraham, commanding like a monarch his flocks and his herds, his spotted and his ring-stroked, his men-servants and his maids. At times, nevertheless, it did seem unaccountable to her that a decidedly bookish, musical, thinking young man should have chosen deliberately to be a farmer, and not a clergyman, like his father and brothers. 的确，他现在已经离开学校了。但是苔丝知道，那只是因为他要学习他想学习的东西，就像彼得大帝到造船厂里去学习一样。他要挤牛奶并不是因为他非要挤牛奶不可，而是因为他要学会怎样做一个富有的、兴旺发达的奶牛场老板、地主、农业家和畜牧家。他要做一个美同或澳大利亚的亚伯拉罕③，就像一个国王一样统管着他的羊群和牛群，或是长有斑点或斑纹的羊群和牛群，还有大量的男女仆人。不过有的时候，似乎她也难以理解，他这样一个书生气十足、爱好音乐和善于思索的年轻人，为自己选择的竟是做一个农民，而不是像他的父亲和哥哥一样去当牧师。 ③亚伯拉罕（Abraham），《圣经》中的人物一希伯莱人的始祖，养有大量牛群。 Thus, neither having the clue to the other's secret, they were respectively puzzled at what each revealed, and awaited new knowledge of each other's character and moods without attempting to pry into each other's history. 因此，他们对于各自的秘密谁也没有线索，谁也不想打听对方的历史，各自都为对方的表现感到糊涂，都等着对各自的性格和脾性有新的了解。 Every day, every hour, brought to him one more little stroke of her nature, and to her one more of his. Tess was trying to lead a repressed life, but she little divined the strength of her own vitality. 每一天，每一小时，他都要多发现一点点儿她性格中的东西，在她也是如此。苔丝一直在努力过一种自我克制的生活，不过她却一点儿也没有想到自己的生命活力有多么强大。 
起先，苔丝把安琪尔·克莱尔看成一个智者，而没有把他看成一个普通的人。她就这样把他拿来同自己作比较；每当她发现他的知识那样丰富，她心中的见解又是那样浅薄的时候，要是同他的像安地斯山一样的智力相比，她就不禁自惭形秽，心灰意冷，再也不愿作任何努力了。 He observed her dejection one day, when he had casually mentioned something to her about pastoral life in ancient Greece. She was gathering the buds called `lords and ladies' from the bank while he spoke. 有一天，他同她偶尔谈起了古代希腊的田园生活，也看出了她的沮丧。在他谈话的时候，她就一边采坡地上名叫"老爷和夫人"的花的蓓蕾。 `Why do you look so woebegone all of a sudden?' he asked. " 为什么你一下子就变得这样愁容满面了？"他问。 `Oh, 'tis only - about my own self,' she said, with a frail laugh of sadness, fitfully beginning to peel `a lady' meanwhile. `Just a sense of what might have been with me! My life looks as if it had been wasted for want of chances! When I see what you know, what you have read, and seen, and thought, I feel what a nothing I am! I'm like the poor Queen of Sheba who lived in the Bible. There is no more spirit in me.' " 哦，这只是--关于我自己的事，"她说完，苦笑了一下，同时又断断续续地动手把"夫人"的花蕾剥开。"我只不过想到了可能发生在我身上的事！看来我命中机运不好，这一生算是完了！我一看见你懂得那样多，读得那样多，阅历那样广，思想那样深刻，我就感到自己一无所知了！我就好像是《圣经》里那个可怜的示巴女王，所以再也没有一点儿精神了。" `Bless my soul, don't go troubling about that! Why,' he said with some enthusiasm, `I should be only too glad, my dear Tess, to help you to anything in the way of history, or any line of reading you would like to take up--' " 哎呀，你快不要自寻苦恼了！唉，"他热情地说，"亲爱的苔丝，只要能够帮助你，我是别提有多高兴啦，你想学历史也好，你想念书也好，我都愿意帮你--" 
又是一个'夫人'，"她举着那个被她剥开的花蕾插嘴说。 `What?' " 你说什么呀？" `I meant that there are always more ladies than lords when you come to peel them.' " 我是说，我剥开这些花蕾的时候，'夫人'总是比'老爷'多。" `Never mind about the lords and ladies. Would you like to take up any course of study - history, for example?' " 不要去管什么'老爷''夫人'了。你愿不愿意学习点功课，比如说历史？" `Sometimes I feel I don't want to know anything more about it than I know already.' " 有的时候我觉得，除了我已经知道的东西以外，就不想知道更多的东西了。" 
为什么？" `Because what's the use of learning that I am one of a long row only - finding out that there is set down in some old book somebody just like me, and to know that I shall only act her part; making me sad, that's all. The best is not to remember that your nature and your past doings have been just like thousands' and thousands', and that your coming life and doings `I'll be like thousands' and thousands'.' " 知道了又怎么样呢，只不过是一长串人中的一个，只不过发现某本古书中有一个和我一样的人，只不过知道我要扮演她的角色，让我难过而已。最好不过的是，不要知道你的本质，不要知道你过去的所作所为和千千万万人一样，也不要知道你未来的生活和所作所为也和千千万万的人一样。" `What, really, then, you don't want to learn anything?' " 那么，你真的什么都不想学吗？" `I shouldn't mind learning why - why the sun do shine on the just and the unjust alike,' she answered, with a slight quaver in her voice. `But that's what books will not tell me.' " 我倒想学一学为什么--为什么太阳都同样照耀好人和坏人，"她回答说，声音里有点儿发抖。"不过那是书本里不会讲的。" `Tess, fie for such bitterness!' Of course he spoke with a conventional sense of duty only, for that sort of wondering had not been unknown to himself in bygone days. And as he looked at the unpractised mouth and lips, he thought that such a daughter of the soil could only have caught up the sentiment by rote. She went on peeling the lords and ladies till Clare, regarding for a moment the wave-like curl of her lashes as they drooped with her bent gaze on her soft cheek, lingeringly went away. When he was gone she stood awhile, thoughtfully peeling the last bud; and then, awakening from her reverie, flung it and all the crowd of floral nobility impatiently on the ground, in an ebullition of displeasure with herself for her niaiseries, and with a quickening warmth in her heart of hearts. " 苔丝，不要这样苦恼！"当然，他说这话的时候，是出于一种习惯的责任感，因为在过去他自己也不是没有产生过这样的疑问。在他看着她那张纯真自然的嘴和嘴唇的时候，心想，这样一个乡下女孩子会有这种情绪，只不过是照着别人的话说罢了。她继续剥著名叫"老爷和夫人"花的花蕾，垂着头，一双眼睛看着自己的脸颊，克莱尔盯着她那像波浪一样卷曲的眼睫毛看了一会儿，才恋恋不舍地走了。他走了以后，她又在那儿站了一会儿，心思重重地剥完最后一个花蕾；然后，她像从睡梦中醒来一样，心烦意乱地把手中的花蕾和其它所有的高贵花蕾扔到地上，为自己刚才的幼稚大为不快，同时她的心中也生出一股热情。 
他一定心里认为她多么愚蠢呀！为了急于得到他的好评，她又想到了她近来已经努力忘掉了的事情，想到了那件后果叫人伤心的事情--想到了她的家和德贝维尔骑士的家是一家。它们之间缺乏相同的表征，它的发现在许多方面已经给她带来了灾难，也许，克莱尔作为一个绅士和学习历史的人，如果他知道在金斯伯尔教堂里那些珀贝克大理石和雪花石雕像是真正代表她的嫡亲祖先的，知道她是地地道道的德贝维尔家族的人，知道她不是那个由金钱和野心构成的假德贝维尔，他就会充分尊重她，从而忘了她剥"老爷和夫人"花蕾的幼稚行为。 But, before venturing to make the revelation, dubious Tess indirectly sounded the dairyman as to its possible effect upon Mr Clare, by asking the former if Mr Clare had any great respect for old county families when they had lost all their money and land. 但是在冒险说明之前，犹豫不决的苔丝间接地向奶牛场老板打听了一下这件事可能对克莱尔先生产生的影响，她问奶牛场老板，如果一个本郡的古老世家既没有钱也没有产业，克莱尔先生是不是还会尊重。 `Mr Clare,' said the dairyman emphatically, `is one of the most rebellest rozums you ever knowed - not a bit like the rest of his family; and if there's one thing that he do hate more than another 'tis the notion of what's called a' old family. He says that it stands to reason that old families have done their spurt of work in past days, and can't have anything left in `em now. There's the Billetts and the Drenkhards and the Greys and the St Quintins and the Hardys and the Goulds, who used to own the lands for miles down this valley; you could buy 'em all up now for an old song a'most. Why, our little Retty Priddle here, you know, is one of the Paridelles - the old family that used to own lots o' the lands out by King's-Hintock now owned by the Earl o' Wessex, afore even he or his was heard of. Well, Mr Clare found this out, and spoke quite scornful to the poor girl for days. `Ah!' he says to her, `you'll never make a good dairymaid! All your skill was used up ages ago in Palestine, and you must lie fallow for a thousand years to git strength for more deeds!' A boy came here t'other day asking for a job, and said his name was Matt, and when we asked him his surname he said he'd never heard that `a had any surname, and when we asked why, he said he supposed his folks hadn't been established long enough. "Ah! you're the very boy I want!" says Mr Clare, jumping up and shaking hands wi'en; "I've great hopes of you"; and gave him half-a-crown. O no! he can't stomach old families!' " 克莱尔先生，"奶牛场老板强调说，"他是一个你从来没听说过的最有反抗精神的怪人--一点儿也不像他家里的其他人；有一件事他是最讨厌不过的，那就是什么古老世家了。他说，从情理上讲，古老世家在过去已经用尽了力气，现在他们什么也没有剩下了。你看什么比勒特家、特伦哈德家、格雷家、圣昆丁家、哈代家，还有高尔德家，从前在这个山谷里拥有的产业有好几英里，而现在你差不多花一点儿小钱就可以把它们买下来。你问为什么，你知道我们这儿的小莱蒂·普里德尔，他就是帕里德尔家族的后裔--帕里德尔是古老的世家，新托克的王家产业现在是威塞克斯伯爵的了，而从前却是帕里德尔家的，可从前没有听说过威塞克斯伯爵家啊。唔，克莱尔先生发现了这件事，还把可怜的小莱蒂嘲笑了好几天呢。'啊！'他对莱蒂说，'你永远也做不成一个优秀的挤奶女工的！你们家的本领在几十辈人以前就在巴勒斯坦用尽了，你们要恢复力气做事情，就得再等一千年。'又有一天，有个小伙子来这儿找活儿干，说他的名字叫马特，我们问他姓什么，他说他从来没有听说他有什么姓，我们问为什么，他说大概是他们家建立起来的时间还不够长吧。'啊！你正是我需要的那种小伙子呀！'克莱尔说，跳起来去同他握手；'你将来一定大有前途'；他还给了他半个克朗呢。啊，他是不吃古老世家那一套的。" After hearing this caricature of Clare's opinions poor Tess was glad that she had not said a word in a weak moment about her family - even though it was so unusually old as almost to have gone round the circle and become a new one. Besides, another dairy-girl was as good as she, it seemed, in that respect. She held her tongue about the d'Urberville vault, and the Knight of the Conqueror whose name she bore. The insight afforded into Clare's character suggested to her that it was largely owing to her supposed untraditional newness that she had won interest in his eyes. 可怜的苔丝在听了对克莱尔思想的形容和描述后，暗自庆幸自己没有在软弱的时候对自己的家旅吐露出一个字--虽然她的家族不同寻常地古老，差不多都要转一圈了，又要变成一个新的家族了。另外，还有一个挤奶的姑娘在家世方面似乎和她不相上下。因此，她对德贝维尔家族的墓室，对她出生的那个征服者威廉的骑士家族，都闭口不提。她对克莱尔的性格有了这种了解以后，她猜想她之所以引起他的兴趣，大半是他认为她不是一个古老世家，而是一个新家。
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