目 录 上一节 下一节 
他生平第一次垂头丧气地走着，也是生平第一次把两手放在背后。 Up to that day, Javert had borrowed from Napoleon's attitudes, only that which is expressive of resolution, with arms folded across the chest; that which is expressive of uncertainty--with the hands behind the back--had been unknown to him. Now, a change had taken place; his whole person, slow and sombre, was stamped with anxiety. 直到今天，沙威只采用拿破仑两种姿势中表示果断的那一种：两臂在胸前相抱；另一种表示犹豫不决的是两手放在背后，这种姿势对他是陌生的。现在，发生了变化，他全身显得迟钝忧郁，惶恐不安。 He plunged into the silent streets. 他走进僻静的街道。 Nevertheless, he followed one given direction. 然而是朝着某个方向走去的。 He took the shortest cut to the Seine, reached the Quai des Ormes, skirted the quay, passed the Greve, and halted at some distance from the post of the Place du Chatelet, at the angle of the Pont Notre-Dame. There, between the Notre-Dame and the Pont au Change on the one hand, and the Quai de la Megisserie and the Quai aux Fleurs on the other, the Seine forms a sort of square lake, traversed by a rapid. 他抄最近的路朝塞纳河走去，到了榆树河沿后，又沿着河沿，走过格雷沃广场，距离沙特雷广场的哨所不远，在圣母院桥的拐角上停了下来。塞纳河在圣母院桥到交易所桥这一边，和鞣皮制革河沿到花市河沿的那一边，形成一个有急流经过的方形水池。 
塞纳河的这一处是水手们害怕的场所。没有比这急流更危险的了，当时这水流并不宽，并被现已拆除的桥头磨坊的一排木桩所堵塞，因而十分湍急。这两座桥离得如此近，更增加了危险。河水经过桥洞时，更是急冲猛泻，掀起可怕的大浪，就在那儿积聚起来，水位暴涨，波浪象根粗水绳那样紧抱桥墩，好象想把它们拔去。在这儿掉下去的人是不会再露出水面的，最懂得水性的人也会没顶。 Javert leaned both elbows on the parapet, his chin resting in both hands, and, while his nails were mechanically twined in the abundance of his whiskers, he meditated. 沙威两肘撑在栏杆上，两手托着下巴，指甲机械地紧缩在他密密的颊须里沉思着。 A novelty, a revolution, a catastrophe had just taken place in the depths of his being; and he had something upon which to examine himself. 一件新奇的事，一次革命，一桩灾祸正在他的心里发生，他有必要检查一下自己。 Javert was undergoing horrible suffering. 沙威异常痛苦。 For several hours, Javert had ceased to be simple. He was troubled; that brain, so limpid in its blindness, had lost its transparency; that crystal was clouded. Javert felt duty divided within his conscience, and he could not conceal the fact from himself. When he had so unexpectedly encountered Jean Valjean on the banks of the Seine, there had been in him something of the wolf which regains his grip on his prey, and of the dog who finds his master again. 几小时以来，沙威已不再是个头脑简单的人了。他心里十分混乱，这个脑袋在盲目执行时是很清晰的，现在则已失去它的清澈，在这块水晶中已产生了云雾。沙威的良心使他感到他的职责已具有两重性，这一点他已不能对自己掩饰。当他在塞纳河滩意外地碰到冉阿让时，他当时的心情就好比狼又抓到了它的猎物，狗又找到主人一样。 
在他面前他看见两条路，都是笔直的，确实他见到的是两条路，这使他惊惶失措，因为他生平只认得一条直路。使他万分痛苦的是这两条路方向相反。两条直路中的一条排斥另一条，究竟哪一条是正确的呢？ His situation was indescribable. 他的处境真是无法形容。 To owe his life to a malefactor, to accept that debt and to repay it; to be, in spite of himself, on a level with a fugitive from justice, and to repay his service with another service; to allow it to be said to him, "Go," and to say to the latter in his turn: "Be free"; to sacrifice to personal motives duty, that general obligation, and to be conscious, in those personal motives, of something that was also general, and, perchance, superior, to betray society in order to remain true to his conscience; that all these absurdities should be realized and should accumulate upon him,--this was what overwhelmed him. 被一个坏人所救，借了这笔债又还了他，这违反自己的意愿，和一个惯犯平起平坐，还帮他忙，以此报答他帮自己的忙；让别人对自己说“走吧”，自己又对他说“你自由了”；为了个人的原因而不顾职责，这一普遍的义务，但又感到在这些个人的因素中也存在着一种共同的东西，可能还要高一等；背叛社会为了忠于良心；这些妄诞的事他居然都做了，而且还压在他的心头，把他吓呆了。 One thing had amazed him,--this was that Jean Valjean should have done him a favor, and one thing petrified him,-- that he, Javert, should have done Jean Valjean a favor. 有件事使他惊愕，就是冉阿让饶恕了他。还有另一件事把他吓得发呆，就是他沙威也饶恕了冉阿让。 Where did he stand? He sought to comprehend his position, and could no longer find his bearings. 他究竟怎么啦？他在寻找自己而找不到。 
现在怎么办？交出冉阿让，这是不应该的；让冉阿让恢复自由，也不对。第一种情况，是执行权威的人比苦役犯还卑贱；第二种情况是囚犯升高到法律之上，并将法律踩在脚下。这两种情况对他沙威来说都是有损荣誉的。所有能采取的办法都是犯罪的。在不可能之前命运也有它的悬崖峭壁。越过这些峭壁，生命就只是一个无底深渊了。沙威就处在这样一种绝境里。 One of his anxieties consisted in being constrained to think. The very violence of all these conflicting emotions forced him to it. Thought was something to which he was unused, and which was peculiarly painful. 他的焦虑之一就是被迫思索，这种强烈的矛盾的感情迫使他思索。思考对他是不习惯的，因而他也特别感到苦恼。 In thought there always exists a certain amount of internal rebellion; and it irritated him to have that within him. 思想里总会有些内心的叛变，由于有了这些内心的叛变，他又感到非常愤懑。 Thought on any subject whatever, outside of the restricted circle of his functions, would have been for him in any case useless and a fatigue; thought on the day which had just passed was a torture. Nevertheless, it was indispensable that he should take a look into his conscience, after such shocks, and render to himself an account of himself. 思考，在他狭隘的公职之外的不论何种论题以及在任何场合下的思考，对他来说都是无益和疲劳的。对刚过去的这一天进行思考是一种折磨。在这样的冲击之后，还应当观察自己的内心，使自己了解自己。 What he had just done made him shudder. He, Javert, had seen fit to decide, contrary to all the regulations of the police, contrary to the whole social and judicial organization, contrary to the entire code, upon a release; this had suited him; he had substituted his own affairs for the affairs of the public; was not this unjustifiable? Every time that he brought himself face to face with this deed without a name which he had committed, he trembled from head to foot. Upon what should he decide? One sole resource remained to him; to return in all haste to the Rue de l'Homme Arme, and commit Jean Valjean to prison. It was clear that that was what he ought to do. He could not. 他刚才做的事使他战栗，他，沙威，违反一切警章，违反一切社会和司法制度，违反所有的法规，认为释放一个人是对的，这样做使他自己满意，他不办公事而办自己的私事，这不是坏得无法形容吗？每当他正视他所做的这件不知怎样称呼的事时，他浑身发抖。决定做什么呢？他只有一个办法：立刻回到武人街，把冉阿让监禁起来。明摆着这是他该做的事。但是他不能这样做。 
有件东西堵着他这方面的路。 Something? What? Is there in the world, anything outside of the tribunals, executory sentences, the police and the authorities? Javert was overwhelmed. 有件东西？怎么？难道世上除了审判厅、执行判决、警署和权威之外，还有其他东西吗？沙威因而烦闷苦恼。 A galley-slave sacred! A convict who could not be touched by the law! And that the deed of Javert! 一个神圣的苦役犯！一个不受法律制裁的劳改犯，而这是沙威造成的。 Was it not a fearful thing that Javert and Jean Valjean, the man made to proceed with vigor, the man made to submit,--that these two men who were both the things of the law, should have come to such a pass, that both of them had set themselves above the law? What then! Such enormities were to happen and no one was to be punished! Jean Valjean, stronger than the whole social order, was to remain at liberty, and he, Javert, was to go on eating the government's bread! 沙威和冉阿让，一个是严惩者，一个是忍受者，两人都受着法律的管制，而现在两人竟都高居在法律之上，这难道不可怕吗？怎么？难道发生了如此荒谬绝伦的事后竟无人受到惩罚！比整个社会秩序更强大的冉阿让自由了，而他沙威，继续吃着政府的面包！ His revery gradually became terrible. 他的沉思越来越可怕了。 
在他的沉思中，他本来也可以责备自己在把那个暴动者带到受难修女街去的这件事上是失了职，但他没有想到这一点。大错遮住了小错。此外，这个暴动者肯定已死，在法律上死者是不被追究的。 Jean Valjean was the load which weighed upon his spirit. 冉阿让，这才是他精神上的负担。 Jean Valjean disconcerted him. All the axioms which had served him as points of support all his life long, had crumbled awayin the presence of this man. Jean Valjean's generosity towards him, Javert, crushed him. Other facts which he now recalled, and which he had formerly treated as lies and folly, now recurred to him as realities. M. Madeleine re-appeared behind Jean Valjean, and the two figures were superposed in such fashion that they now formed but one, which was venerable. Javert felt that something terrible was penetrating his soul--admiration for a convict. Respect for a galley-slave--is that a possible thing? He shuddered at it, yet could not escape from it. In vain did he struggle, he was reduced to confess, in his inmost heart, the sublimity of that wretch. This was odious. 冉阿让使他困惑。他一生中依据的所有原则在这个人的面前都无法存在。冉阿让对他沙威的宽宏大量使他感到压抑。他回想起了另外一些事，过去他以为是谎言的，现在看来是真实的了。马德兰先生在冉阿让后面出现，这两个人的面目重叠起来，变成一个人，一个可敬的人。沙威感到一种可怕的东西侵入了他的心，那就是他对一个苦役犯感到钦佩。去尊敬一个劳改犯，这可能吗？他因而发抖，但又无法摆脱。经过无效的挣扎，他在内心深处只得承认这个卑贱者的崇高品质。这真令人厌恶。 A benevolent malefactor, merciful, gentle, helpful, clement, a convict, returning good for evil, giving back pardon for hatred, preferring pity to vengeance, preferring to ruin himself rather than to ruin his enemy, saving him who had smitten him, kneeling on the heights of virtue, more nearly akin to an angel than to a man. Javert was constrained to admit to himself that this monster existed. 一个行善的坏人，一个有着同情心的苦役犯，温和，乐于助人，仁慈，以德报怨，对仇恨加以宽恕，以怜悯来替代复仇，宁可毁灭自己而不断送敌人，救出打击过他的人，尊崇高尚的道德，凡人和天使他更接近天使！沙威被迫承认这个怪物是存在的。 Things could not go on in this manner. 但情况也不能再这样延续下去了。 
当然，我们再说一遍，他并非毫无抗拒地就向这个使他既愤慨又惊愕的怪物，这个令人厌恶的天使，这个丑恶的英雄投降。当他和冉阿让面对面坐在马车里时，法制象老虎一样无数次在他心里怒吼。无数次他企图冲向冉阿让，抓住他并把他吞掉，这就是说逮捕他。确实，这又有什么困难呢？向经过的第一个哨所叫一声：“这是一个潜逃在外的惯犯！”把警察叫来向他们说：“这个人交给你们处理！”然后把犯人留在那里，自己走开，不问后事如何，自己什么也不再管了。这个人将永远是法律的囚犯，听凭法律处理。这有什么不公正的呢？沙威曾这样对自己说过。他曾想走得更远，动手逮捕这个人，但就象现在一样，他没能做到。每次他的手痉挛地朝着冉阿让的领子举起的时候，又好象在一种重负之下掉了下来，他听见在他思想深处有个声音向他叫着：“好啊，出卖你的救命恩人。然后叫人把本丢彼拉多①的水盆端过来，再去洗你的爪子。” ①本丢彼拉多（Ponce－Pilate），犹太巡抚，因祭司长等坚持要处死耶稣，他便叫人端盆水来洗手，表示对此事不负责任，后来耶稣被判刑钉十字架。 Then his reflections reverted to himself and beside Jean Valjean glorified he beheld himself, Javert, degraded. 接着他又想到自身，在高尚的冉阿让面前，他感到他沙威的地位降低了。 A convict was his benefactor! 一个苦役犯居然是他的恩人！ But then, why had he permitted that man to leave him alive? He had the right to be killed in that barricade. He should have asserted that right. It would have been better to summon the other insurgents to his succor against Jean Valjean, to get himself shot by force. 他为什么同意这个人让自己活下去？他在那街垒里有权被人杀死。他应该利用这一权利。叫别的起义者来帮助他反对冉阿让，强迫他们枪毙他，这样还好些。 
他极端痛苦，为了失去坚定的信心，他感到自己已被连根拔起。法典在他手里只是一根断株残桩了。他得和一种不熟悉的顾虑打交道。他发现了一种感情，和法律上的是非截然不同，而这法律过去一直是他唯一的尺度。停留在他以往的正直作风上已经感到不够了。一系列意想不到的事涌现出来并征服了他。一个新天地在他心里出现：接受善行又予以报答，这种牺牲精神，仁慈、原宥，出自怜悯的动机而违反了严峻的法纪，尊重个人，不再有最终的判决，不再有入地狱的罪过，法律的眼睛也可能流下一滴泪珠，一种说不清的上帝的正义和人的正义是背道而驰的。他看见在黑暗中可怕地升起了一个生疏的道义的太阳，他感到厌恶，但又眼花缭乱。一只猫头鹰被迫强作雄鹰的俯瞰。 He said to himself that it was true that there were exceptional cases, that authority might be put out of countenance, that the rule might be inadequate in the presence of a fact, that everything could not be framed within the text of the code, that the unforeseen compelled obedience, that the virtue of a convict might set a snare for the virtue of the functionary, that destiny did indulge in such ambushes, and he reflected with despair that he himself had not even been fortified against a surprise. 他对自己说，这原来是真的，事情会有例外，权力也会变得窘迫，规章在一件事实面前也可以不知所措，并非一切都可以框进法规条文中去，意外的事可以使人顺从，一个苦役犯的崇高品质可以给公务员的正直设下陷阱，鬼怪可以成为神圣，命运中就有这种埋伏，他绝望地想起他自己也无法躲避意料不到的事。 He was forced to acknowledge that goodness did exist. This convict had been good. And he himself, unprecedented circumstance, had just been good also. So he was becoming depraved. 他被迫承认善良是存在的。这个苦役犯是善良的。而他自己，也真是闻所未闻，也行了善。因此他已堕落了。 He found that he was a coward. He conceived a horror of himself. 他觉得自己懦弱，他厌恶自己。 Javert's ideal, was not to be human, to be grand, to be sublime; it was to be irreproachable. 对沙威来说最理想的是，不去讲人道、伟大和崇高，而只求无过罢了。 
可是现在他刚犯了错误。 How had he come to such a pass? How had all this happened? He could not have told himself. He clasped his head in both hands, but in spite of all that he could do, he could not contrive to explain it to himself. 他怎么会到这种地步？这一切是怎么发生的？他自己也无法对自己说清楚。他两手捧着头，但无济于事，他仍茫然不知如何解答。 He had certainly always entertained the intention of restoring Jean Valjean to the law of which Jean Valjean was the captive, and of which he, Javert, was the slave. Not for a single instant while he held him in his grasp had he confessed to himself that he entertained the idea of releasing him. It was, in some sort, without his consciousness, that his hand had relaxed and had let him go free. 他当然一直都在使冉阿让再度伏法，冉阿让本来就是法律的俘虏，而他沙威，则是法律的奴隶。他从不承认，当他抓住冉阿让时曾有过一瞬间想放他走的想法。他好象是不知不觉地松开了手，放走了他。 All sorts of interrogation points flashed before his eyes. He put questions to himself, and made replies to himself, and his replies frightened him. He asked himself: "What has that convict done, that desperate fellow, whom I have pursued even to persecution, and who has had me under his foot, and who could have avenged himself, and who owed it both to his rancor and to his safety, in leaving me my life, in showing mercy upon me? His duty? No. Something more. And I in showing mercy upon him in my turn--what have I done? My duty? No. Something more. So there is something beyond duty?" Here he took fright; his balance became disjointed; one of the scales fell into the abyss, the other rose heavenward, and Javert was no less terrified by the one which was on high than by the one which was below. Without being in the least in the world what is called Voltairian or a philosopher, or incredulous, being, on the contrary, respectful by instinct, towards the established church, he knew it only as an august fragment of the social whole; order was his dogma, and sufficed for him; ever since he had attained to man's estate and the rank of a functionary, he had centred nearly all his religion in the police. Being,--and here we employ words without the least irony and in their most serious acceptation, being, as we have said, a spy as other men are priests. He had a superior, M. Gisquet; up to that day he had never dreamed of that other superior, God. 各种难解的新问题在他眼前闪过，他自问自答，他的答复使他吃惊。他自问：“这个苦役犯，这个绝望的人，我追捕他到了迫害他的地步，而我曾倒在他的脚下，他本可以复仇，也为了泄恨，同时为了自身的安全，他都应该复仇，但他却赦免了我，让我活着。他做了什么？尽他的责任？不是。这是进了一步。而我，我也饶恕了他，我做的又是什么？尽了我的责任。不是。也更进了一步。这样说，在职责之外还有其他的东西？”这使他惊惶失措，他的天平也散了架，一个秤盘掉进深渊，另一个上了天；沙威对上面的那个和下面的那个都感到同样恐怖。他一点也不是所谓的伏尔泰主义者、哲学家或无神论者，相反地，他本能地是尊敬已成立的教会，他只把它当作整个社会的一个庄严的部分来认识，公共秩序是他的信条，对他来说这已足够了；自从他成年当了警察，他几乎把公安警务当作他的宗教，他做密探就象别人做神甫一样，我们用这些字眼都是从最严肃的涵义而言，丝毫不带讽刺。他有一个上级，吉斯凯先生，迄今为止他从没想到过另外那个上级：上帝。 This new chief, God, he became unexpectedly conscious of, and he felt embarrassed by him. This unforeseen presence threw him off his bearings; he did not know what to do with this superior, he, who was not ignorant of the fact that the subordinate is bound always to bow, that he must not disobey, nor find fault, nor discuss, and that, in the presence of a superior who amazes him too greatly, the inferior has no other resource than that of handing in his resignation. 这个新长官，上帝，他出乎意外地感到了，因而心情紊乱。这个出乎意料的出现使他迷失了方向，他不知拿这个上级怎么办，他明知下级应当永远服从，不能违背命令，不能责怪，不能争辩，他知道在一个使他感到过分惊奇的上级面前，下级只有辞职这一条出路。 
但怎样去向上帝递辞呈呢？ However things might stand,--and it was to this point that he reverted constantly,--one fact dominated everything else for him, and that was, that he had just committed a terrible infraction of the law. He had just shut his eyes on an escaped convict who had broken his ban. He had just set a galley-slave at large. He had just robbed the laws of a man who belonged to them. That was what he had done. He no longer understood himself. The very reasons for his action escaped him; only their vertigo was left with him. Up to that moment he had lived with that blind faith which gloomy probity engenders. This faith had quitted him, this probity had deserted him. All that he had believed in melted away. Truths which he did not wish to recognize were besieging him, inexorably. Henceforth, he must be a different man. He was suffering from the strange pains of a conscience abruptly operated on for the cataract. He saw that which it was repugnant to him to behold. He felt himself emptied, useless, put out of joint with his past life, turned out, dissolved. Authority was dead within him. He had no longer any reason for existing. 不管怎样，他总是回到这点上来，对于他有件事比什么都重要，那就是他犯了可怕的违法的罪行。他对一个判了刑潜逃的惯犯熟视无睹。他释放了一个苦役犯。他从法律那里扣下一个属于法律制裁的人。他做了这件事，所以他对自己也不了解了。他对是否还是他自己也没有了把握。他不明白自己这样做的原因是什么，他感到的只是头晕目眩。迄今为止他是靠了盲目的信仰生活着，由此而产生一种黑暗的正直。现在这一信仰已经失去，所以这一正直也不复存在。他所信仰的一切都消逝了。他不愿接触的真理严酷地折磨着他。今后他得做另外一种人了。他感到一种奇特的痛苦，一种良心在除去蒙蔽后的痛苦。他见到了他所不愿见到的事。他感到自己空虚、无用，和过去的生活脱了节，被撤了职，毁了。权力在他思想里已经死去，他没有理由再活着。 A terrible situation! To be touched. 他被感动了，这是多么可怕的遭遇！ To be granite and to doubt! To be the statue of Chastisement cast in one piece in the mould of the law, and suddenly to become aware of the fact that one cherishes beneath one's breast of bronze something absurd and disobedient which almost resembles a heart! To come to the pass of returning good for good, although one has said to oneself up to that day that that good is evil! To be the watch-dog, and to lick the intruder's hand! To be ice and melt! To be the pincers and to turn into a hand! To suddenly feel one's fingers opening! To relax one's grip,--what a terrible thing! 是花岗石，但又猜疑！是法律模子中浇铸出来的一整个主惩罚的铜像，然而忽然在铜质乳房下发觉有一个怪诞而不顺从的东西，差不多象颗心！居然以德报德，虽然直至今日人们仍认为这种德是种恶！是看门狗却舔人！是冰块，但却融化了！本是铁钳，却又变成一只手！忽然感到手指松开了！松了手，这是多么可怕的事！法典并不包括一切，社会不是尽善尽美的，权力也会动摇，永恒不变的也可能发生破裂。法官只是凡人，法律也可能有错，法庭可能错判！在无边无际的象碧色玻璃的苍穹上看到了一条裂痕！ The man-projectile no longer acquainted with his route and retreating! 一个勇往直前的人迷了路，正在往后退。 
被迫来承认这一点：正确无误不是肯定有效的，教条也可能有错， 沙威的心里出现了一个憨直的良心所能有的极大震动①，越出常轨的灵魂，是在无法抗拒的情况下被扔出去的正直，它笔直地和上帝相撞而撞碎了。当然这是很奇特的。治安的司炉，权力的司机，骑着盲目的铁马在一条直硬直硬的路上奔驰，竟能让一道光打下马来！不可转移，直达，正确，几何学般的严格，被动和完备，竟然也会屈服了！火车头也有通往大马士革②的途径！ ①极大震动，原文为“方布”（Fampoux）。“方布”是法国一地名，一八四六年七月八日火车在此出轨，引起极大震动，因该线路通车还不到一个月。 ②大马士革（Damas），叙利亚首都。“大马士革的途径”一事见《圣经·新约》，耶稣门徒圣保罗说，当他去大马士革时，见到了幻影，使他原来是基督信徒的迫害者变成了基督的信徒。这是比喻一道突然的光可以改变一个人的见解。 God, always within man, and refractory, He, the true conscience, to the false; a prohibition to the spark to die out; an order to the ray to remember the sun; an injunction to the soul to recognize the veritable absolute when confronted with the fictitious absolute, humanity which cannot be lost; the human heart indestructible; that splendid phenomenon, the finest, perhaps, of all our interior marvels, did Javert understand this? Did Javert penetrate it? Did Javert account for it to himself? Evidently he did not. But beneath the pressure of that incontestable incomprehensibility he felt his brain bursting. 上帝永远存在于人的心里，这是真正的良心，它不为虚假的良心所左右，它禁止火星熄灭，它命令光要记住太阳，当心灵遇到虚假的绝对时，它指示心灵要认识真正的绝对，人性必胜，人心不灭，这一光辉的现象，可能是我们内心最壮丽的奇迹，沙威能理解它吗？沙威能洞察它吗？沙威能有所体会吗？肯定不能。但在这种不容置疑的不理解的压力下，他感到自己的脑袋开裂了。 
这一奇迹没能使他改变面貌，反而使他受害。他忍受着这一变化，很恼火，对所有这一切他只感到要活下去极其艰难，他觉得从今以后好象他的呼吸都要不舒畅了。在他头上出现了不认识的事物，对此他是不习惯的。 Up to this point, everything above him had been, to his gaze, merely a smooth, limpid and simple surface; there was nothing incomprehensible, nothing obscure; nothing that was not defined, regularly disposed, linked, precise, circumscribed, exact, limited, closed, fully provided for; authority was a plane surface; there was no fall in it, no dizziness in its presence. Javert had never beheld the unknown except from below. The irregular, the unforeseen, the disordered opening of chaos, the possible slip over a precipice-- this was the work of the lower regions, of rebels, of the wicked, of wretches. Now Javert threw himself back, and he was suddenly terrified by this unprecedented apparition: a gulf on high. 直到目前为止，在他上方所见到的是一个清晰、简单、透彻的平面，没有一点不知道或模糊的地方；没有什么不是确定的，调整好的，连接的，清楚的，准确的，划清区域的，有限制的，有范围的；一切皆可预测；权力是一个平正的东西，本身不会倾覆，在它面前不会晕头转向。沙威只在下面才见过不知道的东西。不正当、意外、那种无秩序的混乱缺口、滑入深渊的可能性，这些都是属于下层的，属于叛乱者，属于坏分子和卑贱的人。现在沙威向后仰起头来，他忽然惊讶地见到从未见过的事出现了：上面有了深渊。 What! one was dismantled from top to bottom! One was disconcerted, absolutely! In what could one trust! That which had been agreed upon was giving way! What! The defect in society's armor could be discovered by a magnanimous wretch! What! An honest servitor of the law could suddenly find himself caught between two crimes-- the crime of allowing a man to escape and the crime of arresting him! Everything was not settled in the orders given by the State to the functionary! There might be blind alleys in duty! What,-- all this was real! Was it true that an ex-ruffian, weighed down with convictions, could rise erect and end by being in the right? Was this credible? Were there cases in which the law should retire before transfigured crime, and stammer its excuses?--Yes, that was the state of the case! And Javert saw it! And Javert had touched it! And not only could he not deny it, but he had taken part in it. These were realities. It was abominable that actual facts could reach such deformity. If facts did their duty, they would confine themselves to being proofs of the law; facts--it is God who sends them. Was anarchy, then, on the point of now descending from on high? 怎么啦！彻底被摧毁了！完全被打乱了！还依据什么呢？确信的事物都崩溃了。怎么？这个社会的弱点可以被一个宽宏大量的坏人找到！怎么？法律的忠实的勤务员能看到自己处于两种罪行之中：让人逃脱之罪和逮捕这人之罪！政府对职员所下的命令并不都是确实可靠的！在职责中能出现走不通的路！怎么这些都是确实的！难道一个屈服在刑罚之下的过去的匪徒，竟能挺起腰板，最后倒有理了？这难道可以相信？难道在有些情况下法律在改变面貌的罪人面前应当退却，而且还表示歉意？是的，确实如此！沙威见到了！沙威接触到了！他非但不能否认，他还参预了。这是事实。可怕的是，真实的事实能有这样畸形的变化。如果让事实来履行自己的职责，它们就只限于成为法律的论据，但这些事实是上帝送来的。现在无政府状态是否也将从天而降呢？ Thus,--and in the exaggeration of anguish, and the optical illusion of consternation, all that might have corrected and restrained this impression was effaced, and society, and the human race, and the universe were, henceforth, summed up in his eyes, in one simple and terrible feature,--thus the penal laws, the thing judged, the force due to legislation, the decrees of the sovereign courts, the magistracy, the government, prevention, repression, official cruelty, wisdom, legal infallibility, the principle of authority, all the dogmas on which rest political and civil security, sovereignty, justice, public truth, all this was rubbish, a shapeless mass, chaos; he himself, Javert, the spy of order, incorruptibility in the service of the police, the bull-dog providence of society, vanquished and hurled to earth; and, erect, at the summit of all that ruin, a man with a green cap on his head and a halo round his brow; this was the astounding confusion to which he had come; this was the fearful vision which he bore within his soul. 就这样，在这种夸大了的痛苦和沮丧的错觉中，本来还可以限制和改正他的印象的一切都消失了，社会、人类、宇宙，从此在他眼前只剩下一个简单而丑恶的轮廓，就这样刑罚、被审判过的事、法律所赋予的权力、最高法院的判决、司法界、政府、羁押和镇压、官方的才智、法律的正确性、权力的原则、一切政治和公民安全所依据的信条、主权、司法权、出自法典的逻辑、社会的绝对存在、大众的真理，所有这一切都成了残砖破瓦、垃圾堆和混乱了；沙威他自己棗秩序的监视者、廉洁的警务员、社会的看门猛犬棗现在已被战败，敲打翻在地了；而在这一切的废墟上，却站着一个人，头上戴着绿帽①，上面有着光环；他的思想竟混乱到了这种程度，这就是他心灵中可怖的幻影。 ①苦役犯戴绿帽。 
这能容忍吗？不能。 A violent state, if ever such existed. There were only two ways of escaping from it. One was to go resolutely to Jean Valjean, and restore to his cell the convict from the galleys. The other . . 要是有反常的现象，这就是个例子。只有两条出路，一条是坚决去找冉阿让，把犯人送进牢狱，另一条…… Javert quitted the parapet, and, with head erect this time, betook himself, with a firm tread, towards the station-house indicated by a lantern at one of the corners of the Place du Chatelet. 沙威离开了栏杆，这一次他仰着头稳步走向沙特雷广场一个角落里的哨所，那里以一盏灯笼为记。 On arriving there, he saw through the window a sergeant of police, and he entered. Policemen recognize each other by the very way in which they open the door of a station-house. Javert mentioned his name, showed his card to the sergeant, and seated himself at the table of the post on which a candle was burning. On a table lay a pen, a leaden inkstand and paper, provided in the event of possible reports and the orders of the night patrols. This table, still completed by its straw-seated chair, is an institution; it exists in all police stations; it is invariably ornamented with a box-wood saucer filled with sawdust and a wafer box of cardboard filled with red wafers, and it forms the lowest stage of official style. It is there that the literature of the State has its beginning. 到了那里，他从窗外看见一个警察，于是便走了进去，单凭他们推开警卫队的门的方式，警卫人员就认得出他们自己的人。沙威说了自己的名字，把证件递给警察看，在哨所里燃着一支蜡烛的桌旁坐下。桌上有一支笔、一个铅制墨水缸和一些纸张，这是为可能需要的笔录以及夜间巡逻寄存物品时备用的。这张桌子，总配上一把麦秸坐垫的椅子，这是一种规定，所有警卫哨所中都配备齐的；桌上还固定不变地有着一个装满了木屑的黄杨木碟子和一个硬纸盒，装满了封印用的红浆糊，这种桌子属于低级警官所用的格式。政府的公文就是从这里开始的。 Javert took a pen and a sheet of paper, and began to write. This is what he wrote: 沙威拿起笔和一张纸开始写字，下面就是他写的内容： 
为了工作，有几点提请注意： "In the first place: I beg Monsieur le Prefet to cast his eyes on this. 第一：我请求警署署长过目一遍 "Secondly: prisoners, on arriving after examination, take off their shoes and stand barefoot on the flagstones while they are being searched. Many of them cough on their return to prison. This entails hospital expenses. 第二：当被拘押者从预审处来到时，是赤着脚站在石板上等待搜查。很多人回狱后就咳嗽，这样便增加了医药的开支。 "Thirdly: the mode of keeping track of a man with relays of police agents from distance to distance, is good, but, on important occasions, it is requisite that at least two agents should never lose sight of each other, so that, in case one agent should, for any cause, grow weak in his service, the other may supervise him and take his place. 第三：跟踪一个可疑的人时，在一定的距离要有接替的警察，这是好的，但在重要的场合，至少要有两个警察相互接应，因为如遇到某种情况，一个警察在工作中表现软弱，另一个便可监视他和替代他。 "Fourthly: it is inexplicable why the special regulation of the prison of the Madelonettes interdicts the prisoner from having a chair, even by paying for it. 第四：不能理解为何要对玛德栾内特监狱作出特别规定，禁止犯人有一张椅子，付出租费也不准许。 
第五：在玛德栾内特监狱食堂的窗口只有两根栏杆，这样女炊事员的手就可能让犯人碰到。 "Sixthly: the prisoners called barkers, who summon the other prisoners to the parlor, force the prisoner to pay them two sous to call his name distinctly. This is a theft. 第六：有些被拘押者，被人称作吠狗的，他们负责把其他被拘押者叫到探监室去，他们要犯人出两个苏才肯把名字喊清楚。这是种抢劫行为。 "Seventhly: for a broken thread ten sous are withheld in the weaving shop; this is an abuse of the contractor, since the cloth is none the worse for it. 第七：在纺织车间，一根断线要扣犯人十个苏，这是工头滥用职权，断线对纺织品无损。 "Eighthly: it is annoying for visitors to La Force to be obliged to traverse the boys' court in order to reach the parlor of Sainte-Marie-l'Egyptienne. 第八：拉弗尔斯监狱的访问者要经过孩子院才能到埃及人圣玛丽接待室，这件事不好。 "Ninthly: it is a fact that any day gendarmes can be overheard relating in the court-yard of the prefecture the interrogations put by the magistrates to prisoners. For a gendarme, who should be sworn to secrecy, to repeat what he has heard in the examination room is a grave disorder. 第九：我们在警署的院子里，确实每天都能听到警察在谈论司法官审问嫌疑犯的内容。警察应是神圣的，传播他在预审办公室里听到的话，这是严重的不守纪律。 
第十：亨利夫人是一个正派的女人，她管理的监狱食堂十分清洁，但让一个妇女来掌握秘密监狱活板门的小窗口则是错误的。这和文明大国的刑部监狱是不相称的。 Javert wrote these lines in his calmest and most correct chirography, not omitting a single comma, and making the paper screech under his pen. Below the last line he signed: 沙威用他最静穆工整的书法写下了这几行字，不遗漏一个逗号，下笔坚定，写得纸在重笔下沙沙作响。在最后一行的下面他签了字： "JAVERT, "Inspector of the 1st class. "The Post of the Place du Chatelet. "June 7th, 1832, about one o'clock in the morning." 沙威一级侦察员于沙特雷广场的哨所一八三二年六月七日凌晨一时许 Javert dried the fresh ink on the paper, folded it like a letter, sealed it, wrote on the back: Note for the administration, left it on the table, and quitted the post. The glazed and grated door fell to behind him.Again he traversed the Place du Chatelet diagonally, regained the quay, and returned with automatic precision to the very point which he had abandoned a quarter of an hour previously, leaned on his elbows and found himself again in the same attitude on the same paving-stone of the parapet. He did not appear to have stirred. 沙威吸干纸上墨迹，象书信一样把纸折好，封好，在背面写上“呈政府的报告”，并把它放在桌上，就走出哨所。那扇有铁栅栏并镶了玻璃的门在他后面关上了。他又斜穿沙特雷广场，回到了河岸边，机械而准确地回到那才离开了一刻钟的原来的地点。他用臂肘以同样的姿势靠在原先的石面栏杆上，好象没有走动过似的。 The darkness was complete. It was the sepulchral moment which follows midnight. A ceiling of clouds concealed the stars. Not a single light burned in the houses of the city; no one was passing; all of the streets and quays which could be seen were deserted; Notre-Dame and the towers of the Court-House seemed features of the night. A street lantern reddened the margin of the quay. The outlines of the bridges lay shapeless in the mist one behind the other. Recent rains had swollen the river. 黑暗幽深，这是午夜后象坟墓般阴森的时刻，一层乌云遮住了星星。天上是阴沉沉的厚厚的一层。城里的房屋已经没有一盏灯火，也没有过路的人；目光所及之处路上和岸边都空无人影；圣母院和法院的钟楼好象是黑夜所勾勒出来的轮廓。一盏路灯照红了河岸的边石，那些桥的影子前后排列着在迷雾中都变了形。雨使河水上涨。 
沙威凭倚的地方，我们还记得，正在塞纳河急流的上方，可怕的漩涡笔直的就在它下面，漩涡旋开又旋紧，形成了一个无休止的螺旋形。 Javert bent his head and gazed. All was black. Nothing was to be distinguished. A sound of foam was audible; but the river could not be seen. At moments, in that dizzy depth, a gleam of light appeared, and undulated vaguely, water possessing the power of taking light, no one knows whence, and converting it into a snake. The light vanished, and all became indistinct once more. Immensity seemed thrown open there. What lay below was not water, it was a gulf. The wall of the quay, abrupt, confused, mingled with the vapors, instantly concealed from sight, produced the effect of an escarpment of the infinite. Nothing was to be seen, but the hostile chill of the water and the stale odor of the wet stones could be felt. A fierce breath rose from this abyss. The flood in the river, divined rather than perceived, the tragic whispering of the waves, the melancholy vastness of the arches of the bridge, the imaginable fall into that gloomy void, into all that shadow was full of horror. 沙威低下头，望了望。一片漆黑，什么也辨别不清。听得见浪花声，但见不到河流。偶尔，在这使人晕眩的深渊处出现一线微光，模模糊糊，象蛇一样蜿蜒着，水就有这种威力，在乌黑的夜里，不知从哪儿得到光线，并使它变成水蛇。光线消失了，一切又变得模糊不清。无边辽阔的天地好象在这里开了一个口子，下面的不是水而是深谷，河的堤坝陡峭，模糊不清，与水气相混，忽然隐而不见，就象无限空间的绝壁一样。什么也看不见，但能感到水那含有敌意的冷气和乏味的石头的潮气。一阵恶风从深渊中直吹上来。能想象而看不到的河流的上涨，波涛凄凉的呜咽声，高大阴惨的桥拱，在想象中掉进了这忧郁的虚空之中，整个阴影都充满了恐怖。 Javert remained motionless for several minutes, gazing at this opening of shadow; he considered the invisible with a fixity that resembled attention. The water roared. All at once he took off his hat and placed it on the edge of the quay. A moment later, a tall black figure, which a belated passer-by in the distance might have taken for a phantom, appeared erect upon the parapet of the quay, bent over towards the Seine, then drew itself up again, and fell straight down into the shadows; a dull splash followed; and the shadow alone was in the secret of the convulsions of that obscure form which had disappeared beneath the water. 沙威一动不动地呆了几分钟，望着这个黑暗的洞口，他好象在专心注视着前面的虚空。水声汩汩，忽然他脱下帽子，放在石栏边上，片刻后，一个高大黑色的人影，站着出现在栏杆上方，远处迟归的行人可能把他当作鬼怪，这人影俯身塞纳河上，继又竖起身子，笔直地掉进了黑暗中，立即发出泼刺刺落水的低沉的声音，只有阴间才知道这个消失在水中黑影的剧变的隐情。 | 
