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这不由得使我经常想到，上帝对世事的安排，自有其天意，在其对自己所创造的万物的治理中，一方面他剥夺了世界上许多生物的才干和良知，另一方面，他照样赋予他们与我们文明人同样的能力，同样的理性，同样的感情，同样的善心和责任感，也赋予他们同样的嫉恶如仇的心理；他们与我们一样知道感恩图报，诚恳待人，忠贞不渝，相互为善。而且，当上帝给他们机会表现这些才干和良知时，他们和我们一样，立即把上帝赋予他们的才干和良知发挥出来做各种好事，甚至可以说比我们自己发挥得更充分。对此，我不能不感到惊讶。同时，想到这些，我又感到有些悲哀，因为许多事实证明，我们文明人在发挥这些才干和良知方面，反而显得非常卑劣。尽管我们不仅有能力，而且，我们受到上帝的教诲，上帝的圣灵和上帝的语言的启示，这使我们能有更深刻的认识。同时，我也感到奇怪，为什么上帝不给这成千上百万的生灵以同样的教诲和启示，使他们懂得赎罪的道理。我觉得，如果我以这可怜的野人作为判断的依据，那么，他们实在能比我们文明人做得更好。 From hence, I sometimes was led too far to invade the Soveraignty of Providence, and as it were arraign the Justice of so arbitrary a Disposition of Things, that should hide that Light from some, and reveal it to others, and yet expect a like Duty from both: But I shut it up, and check'd my Thoughts with this Conclusion, (1st.) That we did not know by what Light and Law these should be Condemn'd; but that as God was necessarily, and by the Nature of his Being, infinitely Holy and Just, so it could not be, but that if these Creatures were all sentenc'd to Absence from himself, it was on account of sinning against that Light which, as the Scripture says, was a Law to themselves, and by such Rules as their Consciences would acknowledge to be just, tho' the Foundation was not discover'd to us: And (2d.) that still as we are all the Clay in the Hand of the Potter, no Vessel could say to him, Why hast thou form'd me thus? 关于这些问题，我有时甚至会想过头，以至冒犯了上帝的统治权，认为他对世事的安排欠公正，因为他把他的教诲赐予了一部分人，而不赐予另一部分人，但却又要这两部分人负起同样的义务。但我终于打消了这种想法，并得出了以下的结论：第一，我们不知道上帝根据什么神意和律法来给这些人定罪。上帝既然是神，他必然是无限神圣，无限公正的。假如上帝作出判决，不把他的教诲赐给这些人，那一定是因为他们违反了上帝的教诲，也就是违反了《圣经》上所说的他们自己的律法；而上帝的判决，也是以他们的良心所承认的法则为标准的，虽然这些法则所依据的原则还没有被我们了解。第二，上帝就像陶匠，我们都是陶匠手里的陶土；没有一样陶器可以对陶匠说："你为什么把我做成这个样子？" But to return to my New Companion; I was greatly delighted with him, and made it my Business to teach him every Thing, that was proper to make him useful, handy, and helpful; but especially to make him speak, and under stand me when I spake, and he was the aptest Schollar that ever was, and particularly was so merry, so constantly diligent, and so pleased, when he cou'd but understand me, or make me understand him, that it was very pleasant to me to talk to him; and now my Life began to be so easy, that I began to say to my self, that could I but have been safe from more Savages, I cared not, if I was never to remove from the place while I lived. 现在再来谈谈我的新伙伴吧。我对他非常满意，并决定教会他做各种各样的事情，使他成为我有用的助手，特别是要教会他说英语，并听懂我说的话。他非常善于学习，尤其是学习时总是兴致勃勃，勤勤恳恳；每当他听懂了我的话，或是我听懂了他的话，他就欢天喜地，十分高兴。因此，与他谈话对我来说实在是一件乐事。现在，我生活变得顺心多了。我甚至对自己说，只要不再碰到那批食人生番，哪怕永远不离开这个地方，我也不在乎。 After I had been two or three Days return'd to my Castle, I thought that, in order to bring Friday off from his horrid way of feeding, and from the Relish of a Cannibal's Stomach, I ought to let him taste other Flesh; so I took him out with me one Morning to the Woods: I went indeed intending to kill a Kid out of my own Flock, and bring him home and dress it. But as I was going, I saw a She Goat lying down in the Shade, and two young Kids sitting by her; I catch'd hold of Friday, hold says I, stand still; and made Signs to him not to stir, immediately I presented my Piece, shot and kill'd one of the Kids. The poor Creature who had at a Distance indeed seen me kill the Savage his Enemy, but did not know, or could imagine how it was done, was sensibly surpriz'd, trembled, and shook, and look'd so amaz'd, that I thought he would have sunk down. He did not see the Kid I shot at, or perceive I had kill'd it, but ripp'd up his Wastcoat to feel if he was not wounded, and as I found, presently thought I was resolv'd to kill him; for he came and kneel'd down to me, and embraceing my Knees, said a great many Things I did not understand; but I could easily see that the meaning was to pray me not to kill him. 回到城堡两三天之后，我觉得应该戒掉星期五那种可怕的吃相，尤其是要戒掉他吃人的习惯。为此，我想应该让他尝尝别的肉类的味道。所以，一天早晨，我带他到树林里去。我原来想从自己的羊圈里选一只小羊，把它杀了带回家煮了吃。可是，走到半路上，我发现有一只母羊躺在树荫下，身边还有两只小羊坐在那儿。我一把扯住星期五，并对他说："站住别动。"同时打手势，叫他不要动。接着我举起枪，开枪打死了一只小羊。可怜的星期五上次曾看到我用枪打死了他的敌人，但当时他站在远处，弄不清是怎么回事，也想象不出我是怎样把他的敌人打死的。可这一次他看到我开枪，着实吃惊不少；他浑身颤抖，简直吓呆了，差一点瘫倒在地上。他既没有去看我开枪射击的那只小羊，也没有看到我已把小羊打死了，只顾扯开他自己的背心，在身上摸来摸去，看看自己有没有受伤。原来他以为我要杀死他。他跑到我跟前，扑通一声跪下来抱住我的双腿，嘴里叽哩咕噜说了不少话，我都不懂。但我不难明白他的意思，那就是求我不要杀他。 I soon found a way to convince him that I would do him no harm, and taking him up by the Hand laugh'd at him, and pointed to the Kid which I had kill'd, beckoned to him to run and fetch it, which he did; and while he was wondering and looking to see how the Creature was kill'd, I loaded my Gun again, and by and by I saw a great Fowl like a Hawk sit upon a Tree within Shot; so to let Friday understand a little what I would do, I call'd him to me again, pointed at the Fowl which was indeed a Parrot, tho' I thought it had been a Hawk, I say pointing to the Parrot, and to my Gun, and to the Ground under the Parrot, to let him see I would make it fall, I made him understand that I would shoot and kill that Bird; accordingly I fir'd and bad him look, and immediately he saw the Parrot fall, he stood like one frighted again, notwithstanding all I had said to him; and I found he was the more amaz'd, because he did not see me put any Thing into the Gun; but thought that there must be some wonderful Fund of Death and Destruction in that Thing, able to kill Man, Beast, Bird, or any Thing near, or far off; and the Astonishment this created in him was such, as could not wear off for a long Time; and I believe, if I would have let him, he would have worshipp'd me and my Gun: As for the Gun it self, he would not so much as touch it for several Days after; but would speak to it, and talk to it, as if it had answer'd him, when he was by himself; which, as I afterwards learn'd of him, was to desire it not to kill him. 我马上想出办法使他相信，我决不会伤害他。我一面用手把他从地上扶起来，一面哈哈大笑，并用手指着那打死的小羊，叫他跑过去把它带回来。他马上跑过去了。他在那里查看小山羊是怎样被打死的，并感到百思不得其解。这时我趁此机会重新把枪装上了子弹。不久，我看见一只大鸟，样子像一只苍鹰，正落在我射程内的一棵树上。为了让星期五稍稍明白我是怎样开枪的，就叫他来到我跟前。我用手指了指那只鸟--现在我看清了，其实那是一只鹦鹉，而我原先把它当作苍鹰了。我刚才说了，我用手指了指那只鹦鹉，又指了指自己的枪和鹦鹉身子底下的地方，意思是说，我要开枪把那只鸟打下来。于是，我开了枪了，并叫他仔细看好。他立即看到那鹦鹉掉了下来。他再次吓得站在那里呆住了，尽管我事先已把事情给他交待清楚了。尤其使他感到惊讶的是，他没有看到我事先把弹药装到枪里去，因此就以为枪里一定有什么神奇的致命的东西，可以把人哪，鸟哪，野兽哪，以及远远近近的任何生物都杀死。他这种惊讶好久好久都不能消失。我相信，如果我让他这样下去，他一定会把我和我的枪当神一样来崇拜呢！至于那支枪，事后好几天，他连碰都不敢碰它，还经常一个人唠唠叨叨地跟它说话谈天，仿佛枪会回答他似的。后来我才从他口里知道，他是在祈求那支枪不要杀害他。 
当时，我等他的惊讶心情略微平静下来之后，就用手指了指那只鸟掉下去的地方，叫他跑过去把鸟取来。于是他去了好半天才回来。原来那只鹦鹉还没有一下子死掉，落下来之后，又拍着翅膀挣扎了一阵子，扑腾到别处去了。可是星期五还是把它找到了，并取来给了我。我见他对我的枪感到神秘莫测，就趁他去取鸟的机会重新装上弹药，并不让他看见我是怎样装弹药的，以便碰到任何其他目标时可以随时开枪。可是，后来没有碰到任何可以值得开枪的目标，就只把那只小羊带回了家。当晚我就把它剥皮，把肉切好。我本来就有一只专门煮肉的罐子，就把一部分肉放到里面煮起来，做成了鲜美的羊肉汤。我先吃了一点，然后也给了点他吃。他吃了之后，感到非常高兴，并表示很喜欢吃。但最使他感到奇怪的是，他看到我在肉和肉汤里放盐。他向我做手势，表示盐不好吃。他把一点盐放在嘴里，做出作呕的样子，呸呸地吐了一阵子，又赶紧用清水嗽了嗽口。我也拿了一块没有放盐的肉放在嘴里，也假装呸呸地吐了一阵子，表示没有盐肉就吃不下去，正像他有盐吃不下去一样。但这没有用。他就是不喜欢在肉里或汤里放盐。过了很长一段时间之后，他也只是放很少一点盐。 Having thus fed him with boil'd Meat and Broth, I was resolv'd to feast him the next Day with roasting a Piece of the Kid; this 1 did by hanging it before the Fire, in a String, as I had seen many People do in England, setting two Poles up, one on each side the Fire, and one cross on the Top, and tying the String to the Cross-stick, letting the Meat turn continually: This Friday admir'd very much; but when he came to taste the Flesh, he took so many ways to tell me how well he lik'd it, that I could not but understand him; and at last he told me he would never eat Man's Flesh any more, which I was very glad to hear. 吃过煮羊肉和羊肉汤之后，我决定第二天请他吃烤羊肉。我按照英国的烤法，在火的两边各插一根有叉的木竿，上面再搭上一根横竿，再用绳子把肉吊在横竿上，让它不断转动。星期五对我这种烤肉方法十分惊异。但当他尝了烤羊肉的味道后，用各种方法告诉我他是多么爱吃这种味道；我当然不可能不了解他的意思。最后，他告诉我，他从此之后再也不吃人肉了。听到他讲这句话，我感到非常高兴。 The next Day I set him to work to beating some Corn out, and sifting it in the manner I us'd to do, as I observ'd before and he soon understood how to do it as well as I, especially after he had seen what the Meaning of it was, and that it was to make Bread of; for after that I let him see me make my Bread, and bake it too, and in a little Time Friday was able to do all the Work for me, as well as I could do it my self. 第二天，我叫他去打谷，并把谷筛出来。筛谷的办法我前面已提到过了，我让他照着我的办法做。不久，他打谷筛谷就做得和我一样好，尤其是当他懂得这项工作的意义后，干得更卖力。因为我等他打完谷之后，就让他看看我做面包、烤面包。这时，他就明白，打谷是为了做面包用的。没多久，他也能做面包、烤面包了，而且做得和我一样好。 I begun now to consider, that having two Mouths to feed, instead of one, I must provide more Ground for my Harvest, and plant a larger Quantity of Corn, than I us'd to do; so I mark'd out a larger Piece of Land, and began the Fence in the same Manner as before, in which Friday not only work'd very willingly, and very hard; but did it very chearfully, and I told him what it was for; that it was for Corn to make more Bread, because he was now with me, and that I might have enough for him, and my self too: He appear'd very sensible of that Part, and let me know, that he thought I had much more Labour upon me on his Account, than I had for my self; and that he would work the harder for me, if I would tell him what to do. 这时，我也考虑到，现在既然添了一张嘴吃饭，就得多开一点地，多种一点粮食。于是，我又划了一块较大的地，像以前一样把地圈起来。星期五对这工作干得又主动，又卖力，而且干起活来总是高高兴兴的。我又把这项工作的意义告诉他，使他知道现在添了他这个人，就得多种些粮食，多做些面包，这样才够我们两个人吃。他似乎很能领会这个意思，并表示他知道，我为他干的活比为我自己干的活还多。所以，只要告诉他怎么干，他一定会尽心竭力地去干。
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