目 录 上一节 下一节 
现时人们对待健康的种种态度 Recently we were told by a student that setting aside time for improving his physical fitness would be a total misuse of his working hours. He assured us that he would be no better served by a fitness program than by learning to play bridge. College and his preparation for a career were his only priorities. 最近，有个学生告诉我说，分出一部分时间去提高身体健康的水平，纯粹是挤占了他的学习时间。他想让我相信，假如让他参加健身培训班和让他学打桥牌同样都是对他没有好处的。他把上大学和准备干一番事业摆在了比一切都重要的位置。 This student has seen being physically fit as an end rather than the means we know it to be. His opinion is one of the many feelings, pro or con, that people hold about their personal involvement in a physical fitness program. 另一位学生把有个健康的身体看作是最终目标，而不像我们那样把身体健康当作工作学习的一种手段或工具。许多参加健身培训班的人都有着各种不同的感受，有的说好有的说坏，这位学生的意见是各种感受之一。 Many people, including college students of all ages, spend little time in pursuit of physical fitness. Certainly some of these individuals may have physical limitations that make activity extremely difficult, and others are engaged in time-consuming activities that until finished do not permit opportunities for recreation. However, what about the majority who could do much more but do so little? Does one of the following statements sound like you? 很多人，包括各种年龄的大学生，几乎不花时间去追求身体健康。当然，这些人中有些因为受到生理上的限制以致参加活动极为困难，还有些人从事着耗费时间的事务活动，以致只能等到忙完了这些事务才有可能去参加消遣活动锻炼锻炼。但是，大多数人，本来可以多参加些锻炼活动，可是实际上却参加得很少。这些人又怎么样呢？下面这些论调中有哪一种听起来像是你说的呢？ "I know it's important, but I just don't have time right now."" 我倒是知道身体健康很重要，不过我现在就是没有时间。" 
我的身体已经很健康了，虽然我的时间表安排得很紧，但我要保持现在的健康还是没问题的。" "I should do more than I do, but I just don't have facilities and I don't get much support from others."" 我本来应该比我现在参加锻炼的次数更多一些，可是我没有那些健身设备，也没有别人多加赞助我。" "Exercise makes me feel terrible. Even when I shower, I get to my next class wet, and probably smelling like a locker room."" 锻炼使我觉得很不愉快。甚至淋浴以后赶到下一堂的课室中身上还是湿淋淋的，也许会让人闻到我身上的汗腥味好像是在更衣裳室里一样臭。" Unlike these people who have made no commitment to fitness, you may have made a commitment to a physical fitness program that might be rather narrow in scope. If one of the following comments fits you, perhaps you are failing to see the broader values of maintaining a high level of physical fitness. 你跟这些没有参加健身活动的人不同。你可能已经参加了健身培训班，也许这个培训班的培训范围相当狭窄。如果下列这些说法中有一种正适合你的情况，那也许你还不懂参加高水平的健身活动会对你有更大的价值。 "Everyone in the dorm runs at night. That's why I run."" 我们宿舍里大家晚上都在跑步。所以我也跑步。" 
在我锻炼期间，我每'烧'掉3500卡路里，我就减少了一磅脂肪。在圣诞节前我还要再减掉10磅重的脂肪。" "This weekend will be cool and nice. Saturday looks like a good day for a personal record."" 这个周末天气将会又凉又快又舒适。星期六看起来像是个创造个人记录的好日子。" "Some would say I have a fear of death. Heck, I just want to live a long time."" 有人会说我怕死。见他的鬼去吧。我只是想长寿。" If you see your own attitude represented by one of thee comments, might you be shortsighted in your reason for valuing fitness? We would suggest that you reexamine your approach to fitness and its ability to positively influence other aspects of your life. Ask yourself, "What could I achieve if I were really in top physical condition?" Because fitness levels are easily observed and can be measured, you can quickly start to see the emerging person you are capable of becoming. Almost daily you can see progress and accomplishment. Keep in mind, however, that all people are different and some may progress faster than others. In the final analysis, we think that although fitness will not guarantee that you will live longer, it can help you enjoy the years you do live. 如果上面的说法之一你觉得正是代表了你自己的态度，也许你参加健身运动的理由会有点儿目光短浅吧？我们建议您重新检查一下你对待健康的态度、重新检查一下身体健康对您生活的其他一些方面能有哪些好的影响。扪心自问："倘若我的身体真的达到了最棒的状态，那么我能取得什么成就呢"？因为身体健康的水平是很容易观察到的、也能测出来的，那么3你很快就能看出来，你能够成为一个脱颖而出的人。几乎每天你都看到你的进步和成就。但要记住，所有的人都是不同的，有些人可能比另外一些人进行得快一些。归根结底，虽然健康的体魄不会保证你一定会延长寿命，但是健康的体魄有助于你享受有生之年的欢乐。 People and Colors 不同的人与不同的颜色 
一个人选择鲜红色的小轿车，而另一个人则宁可要墨绿色的。一户人家把客厅粉刷成金黄色，而另一户人家则使用纯白色。一个孩子要鲜橙色的球，而另一个孩子则要浅蓝色的。心理家和商人们认为这些差别是很重要的。 In general, people talk about two groups of colors: warm colors and cool colors. Researchers think that there are also two groups of people: people who prefer warm colors and people who prefer cool colors. 总的来说，人们谈论的是两大类颜色：暖色和冷色。研究人员认为世人也有两大类：喜欢暖色的人和喜欢冷色的人。 The warm colors are red, orange, and yellow. Where there are warm colors and a lot of light, people usually want to be active. People think that red, for example, is exciting. Sociable people, those who like to be with others, like red. The cool colors are green, blue, and violet. These colors, unlike warm colors, are relaxing. Where there are cool colors, people are usually quiet. People who like to spend time alone often prefer blue. 红、橙、黄是暖色。凡有暖色并有充足光线的地方，人们通常想要积极活动。例如，人们认为红色会使人心潮激动。喜欢社交的人，喜欢和他人在于起的人都喜欢红色。绿、蓝、紫都是冷色。冷色与暖色不同，会使人心情轻松。凡是在冷色的环境里，人们通常都很安静。凡是喜欢一个人自己独自度过时光的人都喜欢蓝色。 Red may be exciting, but one researcher says that time seems to pass more slowly in a room with warm colors than in a room with cool colors. He suggests that a warm color, such as read or orange, is a good color for a living room or restaurant. People who are relaxing or eating do not want time to pass quickly. Cool colors are better for offices or factories if the people who are working there want time to pass quickly. 红色会令人激动兴奋，不过某一位研究人员说，人在暖色房间里似乎会觉得比在冷色的房间时间过得慢。这位研究人员认为，红、橙之类的暖色适用于客厅和饭店。凡是消闲或进餐的人都不希望时间过得很快。如果人们在办公室或工厂上班，都希望时间过得很快，那么把环境弄成冷色就比较好。 Researchers do not know why people think some colors are warm and other colors are cool. However, almost everyone agrees that red, orange, and yellow are warm and that green, blue, and violet are cool. Perhaps warm colors remind people of warm days and the cool colors remind them of cool days. Because in the north the sum is low during winter, the sunlight appears quite blue. Because the sun is higher during summer, the hot summer sunlight appears yellow. 研究人员现在还都不知道，为什么人们认为有些颜色是暖的，而另外一些颜色是冷的。但是几乎人人都承认红、橙、黄是暖色，而绿、蓝、紫是冷色。也许暖色能使人们想起温暖的日子，而冷色使人想起冷的日子。因为在北方冬季太阳低，使人觉得似乎阳光有点发蓝，而在炎热的夏季令人觉得阳光似乎是黄色的。 
人们把不同的颜色和不同的事物、不同的感觉、不同的节日联系在一起。例如，红色是火、热、血和生命的颜色。人们说红色是令人激动和积极活动的颜色。人们把红色同愤怒这种强烈的感情联系在一起，红色被用作危险的樗，例如，停止的标志、救火车的标志。跟红色联系在一起的节日是瓦伦泰情人节。在每年2月14日，美国人都给他们所爱的人纷纷寄送红心。 Orange is the bright, warm color of leaves in autumn. People say orange is a lively, energetic color. They associate orange with happiness. They holidays which are associated with orange are Halloween in October and Thanksgiving Day in November. One October 31 many Americans put large orange pumpkins in their windows for Halloween. 橙色是秋季叶子的鲜暖色。人们说橙色是充满生命活动的积极向上的颜色。人们把橙色和幸福快乐联系在一起。与橙色有联系的两个节日是10月份的万圣节和11月份的感恩节。在10月31日很多美国人把大橙色的南瓜灯摆在窗户上来欢度万圣节。 Yellow is the color of sunlight. People say it is a cheerful and lively color. They associate yellow, too, with happiness. Because it is bright, it is used for signs of caution. 黄色是阳光的颜色。人们说黄色是一种欢快的充满了生机的颜色。人们也把黄色和幸福快乐联系在一起。因为黄色鲜艳，黄色也被用作黄牌警告的标志。 Green is the cool color of grass in spring. People say it is a refreshing and relaxing color. Machines in factories are usually painted light green. 绿色是冷色，是春季草坪的颜色。人们说，绿色使人觉得大地回春万象更新，是使人心旷神怡的颜色。各工厂的机器大多数都被油漆成嫩绿色。 Blue is the color of the sky, water, and ice. Police and Navy uniforms are blue. When people are sad, they say "I feel blue." They associate blue with feelings like unhappiness and fear. 蓝色是蓝天、碧水和晶冰的颜色。警察和海军的制服都是蓝色。当人们心情悲伤时，人们会说"I feel blue"（我觉得心情很混丧）。人们把不愉快和恐惧之类的感觉同蓝色联系在一起。 
紫罗兰色，或者叫紫色，是阴暗处的暗淡而又轻柔的颜色。人们认为紫罗兰是一种高贵庄严的颜色。人们把柴油色与孤家寡人惟我独尊联系在一起。在复活节的礼拜日，人们用紫色的丝带来装饰盛蛋的筐篮。 White is the color of snow. People describe white as a pure, clean color. They associate white with a bright clean feeling. Doctors and nurses normally wear white uniforms. On the other hand, black is the color of night. People wear black clothes at serious or formal ceremonies. 白色是雪的颜色。人们把白色说成是纯洁干净的颜色。人们把白色同明快纯洁的感觉联系在一起。与此相反，黑色是黑夜的颜色。人们在庄严的正式的仪式上都穿黑色服装。 Businessmen know that people choose products by color. Businessmen want to manufacture products which are the colors people will buy. Fox example, an automobile manufacturer needs to know how many cars to paint red, how many green, and how many black. Good businessmen know that young people prefer different colors than old people do and men prefer different colors than women do. 商人们都懂得人们是按颜色来选购商品的。厂商们都想要生产出人们愿意去购买的颜色的产品。例如，汽车生产厂商需要知道有多少汽车要喷成红色，多少喷成绿色，多少喷成黑色。有经验的商人们都知道年青人跟老年人比较起来，年青人更喜欢多种多样的不同颜色。男人跟女人比，男人更喜欢多种不同的颜色。 Young children react to the color of an object before they react to its shape. They prefer the warm colors - red, yellow, and orange. When people grow older, they begin to react more to the shape of an object than to its color. The favorite color of adults of all countries is blue. Their second favorite color is red, and their third is green. 幼小的儿童对一件物品的颜色先作出反应之后，才会对物品的形状作出反应。幼小的儿童喜欢暖色--红、黄、橙。当人的年龄增长之后，人们就会对物品的形状的反应多于对物品的颜色的反应。所有的国家的成年人最喜欢的颜色是蓝色，第二种喜欢的颜色是红色，第三种喜欢的颜色是绿色。 On the whole, women prefer brighter colors than men do. Almost everyone likes red, but women like yellow and green more than men do. Pink is usually considered a feminine color. Blue is usually considered a masculine color. As a result, people dress baby girls in pink and baby boys in blue. However, it is dangerous to generalize because taste changes. For example, years ago businessmen wore only white shirts; today they wear many different colors, including pink. 整个说来，妇女比男人更喜欢鲜艳的颜色。几乎大家都喜欢红色。但是，女人和男人比起来，女人更喜欢黄色和绿色。粉红色通常被认为是女性的专用颜色。蓝色通常被认为是男性的颜色。因此，人们总是给女婴穿戴粉红色，而给男婴穿戴蓝色的。但是，一律都这样办可就危险了，因为人的举爱好会变的。例如，几年前搞事业的人士只穿白衬衫，可是如今他们却穿着五颜六色的衬衫，甚至还穿粉红色的衬衫。 
如果两件东西除了颜色不同而外都相同，那么这两件东西看起来就不同。颜色能使物品看起来好像较近或较远，较大或较小。一件红色的东西看起来总是比一件蓝色的东西近一些。例如，一块蓝底的招牌上面的红色字体看起来就好像红字是在招牌的前面似的。颜色鲜艳的物品看上去就比色调发暗的物品好像大一些似的，但实际上他们的大小是一样的。大个子或肥胖的人，如果想要让人看起来瘦小点儿，苗条点儿就应穿暗色的衣服。如果这些大个子胖人要穿上黑衣服，那么他们看起来就要比他们实际上瘦小一些、苗条一些。 In conclusion, color is very important to people. Warm and cool colors affect how people feel. People choose products by color. Moreover, color affects how an object looks. It is even possible that your favorite color tells a lot about you. 由此可以得出结论，颜色对人们是很重要的。暖色和冷色都会影响到人的感觉。人们是根据颜色不挑选产品的，更重要的是，颜色影响到一个物体的外观，甚至可以根据你所喜欢的颜色就能了解到有关你本人的许多情况。
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