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母亲收藏有一些古老精美的油画，其中有一幅画的是耶稣给一个盲人治病，这幅画给我留下了深刻的印象。母亲说，'你看，奥古斯丁，那个瞎了眼睛的叫花子，看上去真令人恶心。可耶稣并没有遗弃他，而是把他叫到身边，用手抚摸他。你要记住这些，我的孩子。'如果我一直在母亲的谆谆教导下长大，她也许会把我改变成为一个十足的圣徒或殉道者。可是，十三岁那年离开她之后，我就再也没能见到我的母亲。"圣克莱尔说到这儿，用手捂住脸，半天不说话。过了好一会儿，他才重新抬起头，继续说道："道德这个东西真是毫无价值，它基本上是地球经纬度和一定地理位置的产物，带有环境色彩，有着自然特性。道德在一般情况下只是偶然环境因素的结果。就拿你父亲来说吧。他在弗蒙特这个人人享有平等自由的城市里安定下来，成了一个虔诚的基督徒，一个教会执事，后来又加入废奴团体，所以他会把我们南方这些蓄养奴隶的人看作是野蛮和不开化的人。可尽管如此，他的本质和我父亲仍然是一样的：他们都非常固执、傲慢，甚至专制。我能够举出这种气质在他身上以不同形式表现出来的例子。你非常清楚，要你们村里人相信圣克莱尔老爷是个平易近人、没有等级观念的人，那是不可能的事。虽然他碰巧生在一个民主的时代，接受民主理论，但他在本质上，在灵魂深处却依旧是个贵族，和我那位统治五六百名奴隶的父亲没有什么本质区别。" Miss Ophelia felt rather disposed to cavil at this picture, and was laying down her knitting to begin, but St. Clare stopped her. 奥菲利亚小姐想反驳圣克莱尔的说法，她放下手中的毛线活，正准备开口说话，却被圣克莱尔截住了。 "Now, I know every word you are going to say. I do not say they _were_ alike, in fact. One fell into a condition where everything acted against the natural tendency, and the other where everything acted for it; and so one turned out a pretty wilful, stout, overbearing old democrat, and the other a wilful, stout old despot. If both had owned plantations in Louisiana, they would have been as like as two old bullets cast in the same mould."" 我完全明白你想要说什么。我不是说他们事实上真是一模一样，毫无区别。实际情况是：一个成了固执的民主派，一个成了固执的专制派。如果他们都在路易斯安那州当庄园主的话，我想他们会是一模一样的。" "What an undutiful boy you are!" said Miss Ophelia." 你真是个大逆不道之子。"奥菲利亚小姐说。 "I don't mean them any disrespect," said St. Clare. "You know reverence is not my forte. But, to go back to my history:"When father died, he left the whole property to us twin boys, to be divided as we should agree. There does not breathe on God's earth a nobler-souled, more generous fellow, than Alfred, in all that concerns his equals; and we got on admirably with this property question, without a single unbrotherly word or feeling. We undertook to work the plantation together; and Alfred, whose outward life and capabilities had double the strength of mine, became an enthusiastic planter, and a wonderfully successful one."But two years' trial satisfied me that I could not be a partner in that matter. To have a great gang of seven hundred, whom I could not know personally, or feel any individual interest in, bought and driven, housed, fed, worked like so many horned cattle, strained up to military precision,--the question of how little of life's commonest enjoyments would keep them in working order being a constantly recurring problem,--the necessity of drivers and overseers,--the ever-necessary whip, first, last, and only argument,--the whole thing was insufferably disgusting and loathsome to me; and when I thought of my mothcr's estimate of one poor human soul, it became even frightful!" 你知道我是非常讲礼节的，丝毫没有不尊重他们的意思。父亲去世后，将遗产留给了我们兄弟两人。对于同阶级的人，艾尔弗雷德比谁都慷慨、大方，所以在财产分配上，我们没有发生争执和矛盾冲突，我俩共同经营庄园。艾尔弗雷德的管理才能比我出色，因而他成了一个热心的庄园主，把庄园管理得非常成功。可两年之后，我发现自己没法再和他合作下去。我们一共有七百多名黑奴，我没法一个一个地去认识他们，也没法去关注他们每个人的福利问题。他们像牛马一样地生活着，接受非常严格的管制。我们需要考虑的问题就是如何降低他们的生存需要，当然，还得保证他们能继续干活。监工、领班和皮鞭都是必不可少的东西，因为它们是最具有说服力的东西。可是，我不能容忍这些，我对这些简直厌恶到极点。每当我想起母亲对每个苦命的人的灵魂所作的评价时，我便会觉得这样的情况是多么的可怕。" 
有人认为奴隶们喜欢自己的生活，这简直就是一派胡言！你们北方有些人甚至以恩人自居为我们的罪孽编出一套辩护之词，真是荒谬之极。我们都知道，这世上没有一个人愿意在主人的监视下劳动一辈子，没有一点自由的权力，总是在干那日复一日，年复一年，枯燥无味的体力活，得到的仅仅就是两条裤子，一双鞋子，一个栖身之处和仅够维持生存的粮食！如果有人愿意过这种'舒适'的生活，我倒是非常乐意让他去亲自体验一番。我愿意把他买下来，为我干活--我心中一点也不惭愧。" "I always have supposed," said Miss Ophelia, "that you, all of you, approved of these things, and thought them _right_--according to Scripture." 奥菲利亚小姐接过圣克莱尔的话说："我以为你们南方人向来都是支持这种制度，并认为它是依据《圣经》而制定的，是十分合理的。" "Humbug! We are not quite reduced to that yet. Alfred who is as determined a despot as ever walked, does not pretend to this kind of defence;--no, he stands, high and haughty, on that good old respectable ground, _the right of the strongest_; and he says, and I think quite sensibly, that the American planter is `only doing, in another form, what the English aristocracy and capitalists are doing by the lower classes;' that is, I take it, _appropriating_ them, body and bone, soul and spirit, to their use and convenience. He defends both,--and I think, at least, _consistently_. He says that there can be no high civilization without enslavement of the masses, either nominal or real. There must, he says, be a lower class, given up to physical toil and confined to an animal nature; and a higher one thereby acquires leisure and wealth for a more expanded intelligence and improvement, and becomes the directing soul of the lower. So he reasons, because, as I said, he is born an aristocrat;--so I don't believe, because I was born a democrat."" 胡说，我们的思想还不至于堕落到这个地步。艾尔弗雷德是个极顽固的专制统治者，连他也不屑于用这种说法来为奴隶制度辩解--不，他趾高气扬地用弱肉强食这个堂而皇之的理论作为根据。他说（我认为他的观点是合理的），美国的庄园主和英国的贵族、资本家在对待下层阶级的问题上，没有什么本质差别，不同的只是形式而已。我想这也就是说：盗用、剥削他们的肉体和灵魂，使他们为自己的幸福效劳。他这样就为两者都作了辩护，而且还能自圆其说，至少在我看来是这样子的。他说，没有对平民阶层的奴役，就不可能有什么高度发展的文明，无论这种奴役是名义上的，还是实质上的。这个社会必须得存在一个只有动物本能的下层阶级，让他们专门从事体力劳动，只有这样，上层阶级才能有时间和财力去谋求智慧和发展，成为下层阶级的领导者，这就是他的逻辑。你知道，他是个天生的贵族。不过，我不相信他这一套，因为我天生就是个民主派。" "How in the world can the two things be compared?" said Miss Ophelia. "The English laborer is not sold, traded, parted from his family, whipped." 奥菲利亚小姐说："这两者怎么能比较呢？在英国，是不允许劳工被贩卖、交换，不会被弄得妻离子散，也不会挨打呀！" "He is as much at the will of his employer as if he were sold to him. The slave-owner can whip his refractory slave to death,--the capitalist can starve him to death. As to family security, it is hard to say which is the worst,--to have one's children sold, or see them starve to death at home."" 可他们必须服从老板的意愿，这跟被卖给人家又有什么区别呢？奴隶主可以把不听话的奴隶活活打死，而资本家可以把劳工活活饿死。至于家庭保障方面，谁好谁坏也是很难说的--是眼睁睁地看着自己的儿女被卖掉好呢，还是眼巴巴地看着他们在家活活饿死好呢？" 
可以证明奴隶制度并不比别的东西更糟，也不能成为替奴隶制度辩护的理由啊。" "I didn't give it for one,--nay, I'll say, besides, that ours is the more bold and palpable infringement of human rights; actually buying a man up, like a horse,--looking at his teeth, cracking his joints, and trying his paces and then paying down for him,--having speculators, breeders, traders, and brokers in human bodies and souls,--sets the thing before the eyes of the civilized world in a more tangible form, though the thing done be, after all, in its nature, the same; that is, appropriating one set of human beings to the use and improvement of another without any regard to their own."" 我并不是要为什么而辩护--况且，我必须得承认我们的制度在侵犯人权方面表现得更加赤裸，更加毫不遮掩。我们堂而皇之地像买匹马一样买一个黑奴--检查他的四肢，看看他的牙齿，让他走几步路看看，然后再付钱取货--这中间，黑奴拍卖商，饲养商，奴隶贩子，掮客等等一应俱全--他们这些家伙把这种制度更具体地摆到文明人的面前。可是，这种制度和另外一种形式的制度在本质上是一样的--都是为了一部分人的幸福而剥削另一部分人，丝毫不顾及被剥削者的利益。" "I never thought of the matter in this light," said Miss Ophelia." 我从来没有像你这样思考过这个问题。"奥菲利亚小姐说。 "Well, I've travelled in England some, and I've looked over a good many documents as to the state of their lower classes; and I really think there is no denying Alfred, when he says that his slaves are better off than a large class of the population of England. You see, you must not infer, from what I have told you, that Alfred is what is called a hard master; for he isn't. He is despotic, and unmerciful to insubordination; he would shoot a fellow down with as little remorse as he would shoot a buck, if he opposed him. But, in general, he takes a sort of pride in having his slaves comfortably fed and accommodated." 我曾经去过英国的一些地方，读到过许多关于下层阶级状况的资料。艾尔弗雷德说他的黑奴过的生活要比很多英国人的生活好，我觉得他说的的确是事实。你不能从我刚才的谈话中得出这样一个结论：艾尔弗雷德是个十分厉害的庄园主。不，他不是这样的。他确实非常专制，对违抗他命令的人是毫不留情。如果有人公开和他对抗，他会一枪把那个人打死，就像打死一头野鹿一样，毫不留情。可是，在平时，他总是让他的黑奴们吃饱穿暖，过得很舒服，他本人也以此为荣。"
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